1 - Neuropathology Patterns and Introduction

The current chapter provides an introduction to the commonly utilized classification schemes and their historical background. The WHO 2016 scheme for CNS neoplasms is somewhat paradigm shifting in its use of integrated diagnoses, by combining classic histopathology with molecular signatures. To provide a somewhat simplified framework, a table lists the most common entities to consider based on patient age, location, and neuroimaging features. In addition, the 8 major patterns using low magnification microscopy at the front of the book are supplemented by an additional 24 higher magnification patterns, with common differential diagnoses listed for each one. Lastly, the use of ancillary studies is discussed, especially immunohistochemistry, which is typically the first tool utilized in clinical practice. A summary table of both lineage associated and surrogate molecular stains is provided for quick reference.