TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D ink-extrusion additive manufacturing of CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy micro-lattices
AU - Kenel, Christoph
AU - Casati, Nicola P.M.
AU - Dunand, David C.
N1 - Funding Information:
C.K. received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation as an Early Postdoc Mobility fellowship under grant No. 172180. The authors thank the Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland for the provision of beamtime at the X04SA beamline of the Swiss Light Source, Dr. A. Pinar for providing the gas capillary system, and M. Lange for technical support. We gratefully acknowledge Prof. R. Shah for useful discussion and access to her Bioplotter for 3D printing and Prof. S. Haile and Dr. T. Davenport for the TGA measurements. This work made use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center and the IMSERC, which have received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205); the State of Illinois and International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN). This work made use of the Central Laboratory for Materials Mechanical Properties and the MatCI Facility that together with EPIC received support from the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, The Author(s).
PY - 2019/12/1
Y1 - 2019/12/1
N2 - Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys combines the mechanical properties of this novel family of alloys with the geometrical freedom and complexity required by modern designs. Here, a non-beam approach to additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys is developed based on 3D extrusion of inks containing a blend of oxide nanopowders (Co 3 O 4 + Cr 2 O 3 + Fe 2 O 3 + NiO), followed by co-reduction to metals, inter-diffusion and sintering to near-full density CoCrFeNi in H 2 . A complex phase evolution path is observed by in-situ X-ray diffraction in extruded filaments when the oxide phases undergo reduction and the resulting metals inter-diffuse, ultimately forming face-centered-cubic equiatomic CoCrFeNi alloy. Linked to the phase evolution is a complex structural evolution, from loosely packed oxide particles in the green body to fully-annealed, metallic CoCrFeNi with 99.6 ± 0.1% relative density. CoCrFeNi micro-lattices are created with strut diameters as low as 100 μm and excellent mechanical properties at ambient and cryogenic temperatures.
AB - Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys combines the mechanical properties of this novel family of alloys with the geometrical freedom and complexity required by modern designs. Here, a non-beam approach to additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys is developed based on 3D extrusion of inks containing a blend of oxide nanopowders (Co 3 O 4 + Cr 2 O 3 + Fe 2 O 3 + NiO), followed by co-reduction to metals, inter-diffusion and sintering to near-full density CoCrFeNi in H 2 . A complex phase evolution path is observed by in-situ X-ray diffraction in extruded filaments when the oxide phases undergo reduction and the resulting metals inter-diffuse, ultimately forming face-centered-cubic equiatomic CoCrFeNi alloy. Linked to the phase evolution is a complex structural evolution, from loosely packed oxide particles in the green body to fully-annealed, metallic CoCrFeNi with 99.6 ± 0.1% relative density. CoCrFeNi micro-lattices are created with strut diameters as low as 100 μm and excellent mechanical properties at ambient and cryogenic temperatures.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-019-08763-4
DO - 10.1038/s41467-019-08763-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 30796218
AN - SCOPUS:85062019233
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 10
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 904
ER -