TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D ink-extrusion printing and sintering of Ti, Ti-TiB and Ti-TiC microlattices
AU - Song, Binna
AU - Kenel, Christoph
AU - Dunand, David C.
N1 - Funding Information:
A scholarship for BS was provided by the China scholarship Council (CSC No. 201806920003 ). CK received partial funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation as an Early Postdoc Mobility fellowship under grant No. 172180 . We gratefully acknowledge Prof. S. Stupp for access to the Bioplotter for 3D printing. This work made use of the EPIC facility of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center and the IMSERC, which have received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205 ); the State of Illinois and International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN) . This work made use of the Central Laboratory for Materials Mechanical Properties and the MatCI Facility that together with EPIC received support from the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1720139) at the Materials Research Center.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/10
Y1 - 2020/10
N2 - Titanium metal matrix composite microlattices are fabricated using 3D ink extrusion printing and sintering. The inks consist of TiH2+TiB2 or TiH2+TiC powder blends to form (i) Ti-TiB composites by dehydrogenation and in situ reaction of Ti + TiB2 to form Ti + TiB and (ii) Ti-TiC composites, where TiC remains stable during the sintering process. Rapid densification of the printed powder blend is achieved during pressureless sintering in vacuum at 1200 °C between 1 and 4 h, due to the small Ti particle size available from dehydrogenation of micron-sized TiH2. Near-full density Ti-TiB and Ti-TiC is achieved within individual lattice struts, despite high TiB and TiC volume fractions up to 25 vol.%. The added TiB2 particles are fully dissolved and re-precipitated to TiB whiskers and whisker clusters in <0.5 h. The compressive properties of sintered cross-ply microlattices are measured for the three types of composites (Ti-TiB, Ti-TiC and Ti-TiC(W), with W originating from powder contamination) and pure Ti controls as a function of lattice orientation with respect to load. The compressive strength of the Ti-TiB/TiC composites increases from 55 to 1019 MPa as the designed lattice macroporosity is reduced from 71 to 24 %, and scales with the third power of relative density, indicating a high sensitivity of strength with relative density.
AB - Titanium metal matrix composite microlattices are fabricated using 3D ink extrusion printing and sintering. The inks consist of TiH2+TiB2 or TiH2+TiC powder blends to form (i) Ti-TiB composites by dehydrogenation and in situ reaction of Ti + TiB2 to form Ti + TiB and (ii) Ti-TiC composites, where TiC remains stable during the sintering process. Rapid densification of the printed powder blend is achieved during pressureless sintering in vacuum at 1200 °C between 1 and 4 h, due to the small Ti particle size available from dehydrogenation of micron-sized TiH2. Near-full density Ti-TiB and Ti-TiC is achieved within individual lattice struts, despite high TiB and TiC volume fractions up to 25 vol.%. The added TiB2 particles are fully dissolved and re-precipitated to TiB whiskers and whisker clusters in <0.5 h. The compressive properties of sintered cross-ply microlattices are measured for the three types of composites (Ti-TiB, Ti-TiC and Ti-TiC(W), with W originating from powder contamination) and pure Ti controls as a function of lattice orientation with respect to load. The compressive strength of the Ti-TiB/TiC composites increases from 55 to 1019 MPa as the designed lattice macroporosity is reduced from 71 to 24 %, and scales with the third power of relative density, indicating a high sensitivity of strength with relative density.
KW - Additive manufacturing
KW - Metal matrix composites (MMCs)
KW - Sintering
KW - Titanium hydride
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101412
DO - 10.1016/j.addma.2020.101412
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85087109754
VL - 35
JO - Additive Manufacturing
JF - Additive Manufacturing
SN - 2214-8604
M1 - 101412
ER -