A Bounded Formulation for The School Bus Scheduling Problem

Liwei Zeng*, Sunil Chopra, Karen Smilowitz

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

This paper proposes a new formulation for the school bus scheduling problem (SBSP), which optimizes school start times and bus operation times to minimize transportation cost. The goal is to minimize the number of buses to serve all bus routes such that each route arrives in a time window before school starts. We show that introducing context-specific features, common in many school districts, can lead to a new time-indexed integer linear programming (ILP) formulation. Based on a strengthened version of the linear relaxation of the ILP, we develop a dependent randomized rounding algorithm that yields near-optimal solutions for large-scale problem instances. The efficient formulation and solution approach enable quick generation of multiple solutions to facilitate strategic planning, which we demonstrate with data from two public school districts in the United States. We also generalize our methodologies to solve a robust version of the SBSP.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1148-1164
Number of pages17
JournalTransportation Science
Volume56
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 2022

Keywords

  • randomized rounding algorithm
  • school bus scheduling problem
  • time-indexed formulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Civil and Structural Engineering
  • Transportation

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