@article{dbec353d96454359a654c1eb23570171,
title = "A genetically tractable jellyfish model for systems and evolutionary neuroscience",
abstract = "Jellyfish are radially symmetric organisms without a brain that arose more than 500 million years ago. They achieve organismal behaviors through coordinated interactions between autonomously functioning body parts. Jellyfish neurons have been studied electrophysiologically, but not at the systems level. We introduce Clytia hemisphaerica as a transparent, genetically tractable jellyfish model for systems and evolutionary neuroscience. We generate stable F1 transgenic lines for cell-type-specific conditional ablation and whole-organism GCaMP imaging. Using these tools and computational analyses, we find that an apparently diffuse network of RFamide-expressing umbrellar neurons is functionally subdivided into a series of spatially localized subassemblies whose synchronous activation controls directional food transfer from the tentacles to the mouth. These data reveal an unanticipated degree of structured neural organization in this species. Clytia affords a platform for systems-level studies of neural function, behavior, and evolution within a clade of marine organisms with growing ecological and economic importance.",
keywords = "Clytia, GCaMP, behavior, cnidarian, imaging, jellyfish, nerve net, neuropeptide, neuroscience, transgenesis",
author = "Brandon Weissbourd and Tsuyoshi Momose and Aditya Nair and Ann Kennedy and Bridgett Hunt and Anderson, {David J.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the Marine Resources Center of the MBL (Woods Hole, MA) and J. Malamy for an introduction to Clytia; E. Houliston and R. Copley for Clytia resources and advice; M.D.C. Lamadrid for illustrations; S. Ekker for Tol2 reagents; J. Williams for software; A. Collazo for imaging support; and J. Parker, D. Prober, and Anderson lab members for feedback. We thank the CRBM/Service Aquario (FR 3761; EMBRC-France, managed by ANR-10-INBS-0002) for support. This work was supported by the Caltech Center for Evolutionary Science, the Whitman Center of the MBL, the Life Sciences Research Foundation (to B.W.), NINDS (K99NS119749 to B.W.), and NIMH (K99MH117264 to A.K.). Content is the authors{\textquoteright} sole responsibility and not that of NIH. T.M. was supported by ANR (ANR-17-CE13-0016, i-MMEJ) and ASSEMBLE Plus JRA3 (EU Horizon 2020 No. 730984). A.N. was supported by a Scholarship from the Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore. D.J.A. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. B.W. and D.J.A. conceived of the project and wrote the manuscript with input from T.M. A.N. A.K. and B.H. B.W. D.J.A. and B.H. designed and performed histology, behavior, and imaging experiments. B.W. D.J.A. and T.M. designed and performed experiments establishing transgenesis. B.W. A.N. and A.K. analyzed the data. A.N. performed NMF/ICA, subspace, and GLM analyses. A.K. generated the neural network models. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: We thank the Marine Resources Center of the MBL (Woods Hole, MA) and J. Malamy for an introduction to Clytia; E. Houliston and R. Copley for Clytia resources and advice; M.D.C. Lamadrid for illustrations; S. Ekker for Tol2 reagents; J. Williams for software; A. Collazo for imaging support; and J. Parker, D. Prober, and Anderson lab members for feedback. We thank the CRBM/Service Aquario ( FR 3761 ; EMBRC-France, managed by ANR-10-INBS-0002 ) for support. This work was supported by the Caltech Center for Evolutionary Science , the Whitman Center of the MBL , the Life Sciences Research Foundation (to B.W.), NINDS ( K99NS119749 to B.W.), and NIMH ( K99MH117264 to A.K.). Content is the authors{\textquoteright} sole responsibility and not that of NIH. T.M. was supported by ANR ( ANR-17-CE13-0016, i-MMEJ ) and ASSEMBLE Plus JRA3 ( EU Horizon 2020 No. 730984 ). A.N. was supported by a Scholarship from the Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore. D.J.A. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2021",
month = nov,
day = "24",
doi = "10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.021",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "184",
pages = "5854--5868.e20",
journal = "Cell",
issn = "0092-8674",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "24",
}
