A hybrid transistor with transcriptionally controlled computation and plasticity

Yang Gao; Yuchen Zhou; Xudong Ji; Austin J. Graham; Christopher M. Dundas; Ismar E. Miniel Mahfoud; Bailey M. Tibbett; Benjamin Tan; Gina Partipilo; Ananth Dodabalapur; Jonathan Rivnay; Benjamin K. Keitz

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45759-1

A hybrid transistor with transcriptionally controlled computation and plasticity

Yang Gao, Yuchen Zhou, Xudong Ji, Austin J. Graham, Christopher M. Dundas, Ismar E. Miniel Mahfoud, Bailey M. Tibbett, Benjamin Tan, Gina Partipilo, Ananth Dodabalapur, Jonathan Rivnay, Benjamin K. Keitz^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Biomedical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Scopus citations

Abstract

Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are ideal devices for translating biological signals into electrical readouts and have applications in bioelectronics, biosensing, and neuromorphic computing. Despite their potential, developing programmable and modular methods for living systems to interface with OECTs has proven challenging. Here we describe hybrid OECTs containing the model electroactive bacterium Shewanella oneidensis that enable the transduction of biological computations to electrical responses. Specifically, we fabricated planar p-type OECTs and demonstrated that channel de-doping is driven by extracellular electron transfer (EET) from S. oneidensis. Leveraging this mechanistic understanding and our ability to control EET flux via transcriptional regulation, we used plasmid-based Boolean logic gates to translate biological computation into current changes within the OECT. Finally, we demonstrated EET-driven changes to OECT synaptic plasticity. This work enables fundamental EET studies and OECT-based biosensing and biocomputing systems with genetically controllable and modular design elements.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	1598
Journal	Nature communications
Volume	15
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45759-1
State	Published - Dec 2024

Funding

Base plasmids for the NAND circuit were generously provided by the Voigt Lab via Addgene (#49375, #49376, #49377). This research was financially supported by the Welch Foundation (Grant F-1929, B.K.K.), the National Institutes of Health under award number R35GM133640 (B.K.K.), an NSF CAREER award (1944334, B.K.K.), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-20-1-0088 (B.K.K.). A.J.G. was supported through a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships (Program Award No. DGE-1610403). AFM experiments were performed on an instrument obtained through an AFOSR DURIP award (FA9550-21-1-0148). The authors acknowledge use of shared research facilities supported in part by the Texas Materials Institute, the Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials: an NSF MRSEC (DMR-1720595), and the NSF National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (ECCS-1542159). We gratefully acknowledge the use of facilities within the core microscopy lab of the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin. Cartoon illustrations were created using BioRender.com. We acknowledge A.J.G. for his contribution to Fig. S10, originally featured in Transcriptional Regulation of Synthetic Polymer Networks, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.17.464678, and reproduced here with permission. Base plasmids for the NAND circuit were generously provided by the Voigt Lab via Addgene (#49375, #49376, #49377). This research was financially supported by the Welch Foundation (Grant F-1929, B.K.K.), the National Institutes of Health under award number R35GM133640 (B.K.K.), an NSF CAREER award (1944334, B.K.K.), and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under award number FA9550-20-1-0088 (B.K.K.). A.J.G. was supported through a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships (Program Award No. DGE-1610403). AFM experiments were performed on an instrument obtained through an AFOSR DURIP award (FA9550-21-1-0148). The authors acknowledge use of shared research facilities supported in part by the Texas Materials Institute, the Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials: an NSF MRSEC (DMR-1720595), and the NSF National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (ECCS-1542159). We gratefully acknowledge the use of facilities within the core microscopy lab of the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin. Cartoon illustrations were created using BioRender.com. We acknowledge A.J.G. for his contribution to Fig. , originally featured in Transcriptional Regulation of Synthetic Polymer Networks, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.17.464678 , and reproduced here with permission.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Chemistry
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
General Physics and Astronomy

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title = "A hybrid transistor with transcriptionally controlled computation and plasticity",

abstract = "Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are ideal devices for translating biological signals into electrical readouts and have applications in bioelectronics, biosensing, and neuromorphic computing. Despite their potential, developing programmable and modular methods for living systems to interface with OECTs has proven challenging. Here we describe hybrid OECTs containing the model electroactive bacterium Shewanella oneidensis that enable the transduction of biological computations to electrical responses. Specifically, we fabricated planar p-type OECTs and demonstrated that channel de-doping is driven by extracellular electron transfer (EET) from S. oneidensis. Leveraging this mechanistic understanding and our ability to control EET flux via transcriptional regulation, we used plasmid-based Boolean logic gates to translate biological computation into current changes within the OECT. Finally, we demonstrated EET-driven changes to OECT synaptic plasticity. This work enables fundamental EET studies and OECT-based biosensing and biocomputing systems with genetically controllable and modular design elements.",

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AU - Miniel Mahfoud, Ismar E.

AU - Tibbett, Bailey M.

AU - Tan, Benjamin

AU - Partipilo, Gina

AU - Dodabalapur, Ananth

AU - Rivnay, Jonathan

AU - Keitz, Benjamin K.

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N2 - Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are ideal devices for translating biological signals into electrical readouts and have applications in bioelectronics, biosensing, and neuromorphic computing. Despite their potential, developing programmable and modular methods for living systems to interface with OECTs has proven challenging. Here we describe hybrid OECTs containing the model electroactive bacterium Shewanella oneidensis that enable the transduction of biological computations to electrical responses. Specifically, we fabricated planar p-type OECTs and demonstrated that channel de-doping is driven by extracellular electron transfer (EET) from S. oneidensis. Leveraging this mechanistic understanding and our ability to control EET flux via transcriptional regulation, we used plasmid-based Boolean logic gates to translate biological computation into current changes within the OECT. Finally, we demonstrated EET-driven changes to OECT synaptic plasticity. This work enables fundamental EET studies and OECT-based biosensing and biocomputing systems with genetically controllable and modular design elements.

AB - Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are ideal devices for translating biological signals into electrical readouts and have applications in bioelectronics, biosensing, and neuromorphic computing. Despite their potential, developing programmable and modular methods for living systems to interface with OECTs has proven challenging. Here we describe hybrid OECTs containing the model electroactive bacterium Shewanella oneidensis that enable the transduction of biological computations to electrical responses. Specifically, we fabricated planar p-type OECTs and demonstrated that channel de-doping is driven by extracellular electron transfer (EET) from S. oneidensis. Leveraging this mechanistic understanding and our ability to control EET flux via transcriptional regulation, we used plasmid-based Boolean logic gates to translate biological computation into current changes within the OECT. Finally, we demonstrated EET-driven changes to OECT synaptic plasticity. This work enables fundamental EET studies and OECT-based biosensing and biocomputing systems with genetically controllable and modular design elements.

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A hybrid transistor with transcriptionally controlled computation and plasticity

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