A Passive Electrodeless Method for Determining the Interior Field of Biological Materials

Morris E. Brodwin; Allen Taflove; John E. Matz

doi:10.1109/TMTT.1976.1128889

A Passive Electrodeless Method for Determining the Interior Field of Biological Materials

Morris E. Brodwin, Allen Taflove, John E. Matz

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A passive remote-sensing method is proposed for the measurement of the electric-field distribution within a biological sample. The instrument analyzes the intermodulation spectrum reradiated by a diode imbedded within the sample exposed to a dual-frequency illumination. Experimental results in a waveguide system indicate that the relative intensities of the intermodulation products are a unique function of the field intensity at the diode. These results are also used to determine the basic scattering properties of the diode. A low-power free-space apparatus is described which exposes the principal problem associated with this method: the inadvertent generation of intermodulation frequencies. Isolation techniques are described which eliminate this problem. Finally, an analysis of a complete system shows that at 910 MHz fields can be measured in 4.0 cm of soft tissue, tan δ = 0.5, without exceeding an incident power density of 10 mW/cm².

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	514-521
Number of pages	8
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume	24
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.1976.1128889
State	Published - Aug 1976
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Radiation
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/TMTT.1976.1128889

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abstract = "A passive remote-sensing method is proposed for the measurement of the electric-field distribution within a biological sample. The instrument analyzes the intermodulation spectrum reradiated by a diode imbedded within the sample exposed to a dual-frequency illumination. Experimental results in a waveguide system indicate that the relative intensities of the intermodulation products are a unique function of the field intensity at the diode. These results are also used to determine the basic scattering properties of the diode. A low-power free-space apparatus is described which exposes the principal problem associated with this method: the inadvertent generation of intermodulation frequencies. Isolation techniques are described which eliminate this problem. Finally, an analysis of a complete system shows that at 910 MHz fields can be measured in 4.0 cm of soft tissue, tan δ = 0.5, without exceeding an incident power density of 10 mW/cm2.",

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A Passive Electrodeless Method for Determining the Interior Field of Biological Materials

Abstract

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