TY - JOUR
T1 - Achiral cycledextrin analogues
AU - Ashton, Peter R.
AU - Cantrill, Stuart J.
AU - Gattuso, Giuseppe
AU - Menzer, Stephan
AU - Nepogodiev, Sergey A.
AU - Shipway, Andrew N.
AU - Stoddart, J. Fraser
AU - Williams, David J.
PY - 1997/8
Y1 - 1997/8
N2 - The synthesis of a new family of cycledextrin (CD) analogues is described. This family consists of novel cyclic oligosaccharides built from monosaccharides that possess the same relative but opposite absolute (D- and L-) configurations. The alternation of such D- and L-residues-specifically, D- and L-rhamnose or D- and L-mannose-in a macrocyclic structure results in S(n)-type symmetry and, consequently, optical inactivity. The synthesis of these cyclic oligosaccharides was achieved by an economical polycondensation/cycloglycosylation approach that relies on an appropriately-derivatized disaccharide monomer and that avoids the time-consuming, and often low-yielding, stepwise growth of long linear oligosaccharide precursors. In the cases reported, the key precursors are the disaccharide menumars 1-RR and 1-MM, which bear both a glycosyl donor (cyanoethylidene function) and a glycosyl acceptor (trity1oxy group). These compounds are able to undergo Tr+-catalyzed polycondensation which, under appropriate dilution conditions, can be terminated by cycloglycosylation. Thus, compound 1-RR was converted into a range of protected cyclic rhamnooligosaccharides 15-19 in 64% overall yield. All these products, including the unique cyclic dodeca- and tetradecasaccharides 18 and 19, have been isolated by preparative HPLC. Unexpectedly, treatment of the manno analogue of thedisaccharide 1-RR (compound 1-MM) under the same conditions produced only the cyclic hexasaccharide 28 and numerous apparently linear oligomers. Removal of the protecting groups from 16-19 afforded the free cyclic oligosaccharides 2124, which exhibited the predicted zero optical rotation and very simple NMR spectra, indicating highly symmetrical structures. X-ray crystallography reveals that in the solid state the cyclooctaoside 21 possesses a C2 symmetric structure, on account of a slight deformation of its cylindrical shape. The channel-type crystal packing of molecules of 21 forms nanotubes with an internal diameter of around 1 nm. Conversely, the cyclic hexasaccharide 29 possesses a C symmetric solid-state structure and its molecules pack to form a parquet-like superstructure.
AB - The synthesis of a new family of cycledextrin (CD) analogues is described. This family consists of novel cyclic oligosaccharides built from monosaccharides that possess the same relative but opposite absolute (D- and L-) configurations. The alternation of such D- and L-residues-specifically, D- and L-rhamnose or D- and L-mannose-in a macrocyclic structure results in S(n)-type symmetry and, consequently, optical inactivity. The synthesis of these cyclic oligosaccharides was achieved by an economical polycondensation/cycloglycosylation approach that relies on an appropriately-derivatized disaccharide monomer and that avoids the time-consuming, and often low-yielding, stepwise growth of long linear oligosaccharide precursors. In the cases reported, the key precursors are the disaccharide menumars 1-RR and 1-MM, which bear both a glycosyl donor (cyanoethylidene function) and a glycosyl acceptor (trity1oxy group). These compounds are able to undergo Tr+-catalyzed polycondensation which, under appropriate dilution conditions, can be terminated by cycloglycosylation. Thus, compound 1-RR was converted into a range of protected cyclic rhamnooligosaccharides 15-19 in 64% overall yield. All these products, including the unique cyclic dodeca- and tetradecasaccharides 18 and 19, have been isolated by preparative HPLC. Unexpectedly, treatment of the manno analogue of thedisaccharide 1-RR (compound 1-MM) under the same conditions produced only the cyclic hexasaccharide 28 and numerous apparently linear oligomers. Removal of the protecting groups from 16-19 afforded the free cyclic oligosaccharides 2124, which exhibited the predicted zero optical rotation and very simple NMR spectra, indicating highly symmetrical structures. X-ray crystallography reveals that in the solid state the cyclooctaoside 21 possesses a C2 symmetric structure, on account of a slight deformation of its cylindrical shape. The channel-type crystal packing of molecules of 21 forms nanotubes with an internal diameter of around 1 nm. Conversely, the cyclic hexasaccharide 29 possesses a C symmetric solid-state structure and its molecules pack to form a parquet-like superstructure.
KW - Analogues
KW - Carbohydrates
KW - Cyclodextrin
KW - Cyclooligomerizations
KW - Glycosylations
KW - Nan ostructures
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U2 - 10.1002/chem.19970030818
DO - 10.1002/chem.19970030818
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0030794768
SN - 0947-6539
VL - 3
SP - 1299
EP - 1314
JO - Chemistry - A European Journal
JF - Chemistry - A European Journal
IS - 8
ER -