Abstract
Numerical simulations of the global climate system provide inputs to integrated assessment modeling for estimating the impacts of greenhouse gas mitigation and other policies to address global climate change. While essential tools for this purpose, computational climate models are subject to considerable uncertainty, including intermodel “structural” uncertainty. Structural uncertainty analysis has emphasized simple or weighted averaging of the outputs of multimodel ensembles, sometimes with subjective Bayesian assignment of probabilities across models. However, choosing appropriate weights is problematic. To use climate simulations in integrated assessment, we propose, instead, framing climate model uncertainty as a problem of partial identification, or “deep” uncertainty. This terminology refers to situations in which the underlying mechanisms, dynamics, or laws governing a system are not completely known and cannot be credibly modeled definitively even in the absence of data limitations in a statistical sense. We propose the min−max regret (MMR) decision criterion to account for deep climate uncertainty in integrated assessment without weighting climate model forecasts. We develop a theoretical framework for cost−benefit analysis of climate policy based on MMR, and apply it computationally with a simple integrated assessment model. We suggest avenues for further research.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | e2022886118 |
Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Volume | 118 |
Issue number | 15 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 13 2021 |
Funding
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. A.H.S. thanks the NSF and the Center for Robust Decision-Making on Climate and Energy Policy at the University of Chicago for supporting previous research that contributed to this work. We thank the research team of Professor Elizabeth Moyer (Department of Geosciences, University of Chicago) for providing CMIP5 model output, and Valentyn Litvin (Department of Economics, Northwestern University) for his technical review. We have benefitted greatly from the comments of an anonymous reviewer. A.H.S. thanks the NSF and the Center for Robust Decision-Making on Climate and Energy Policy at the University of Chicago for supporting previous research that contributed to this work. We thank the research team of Professor Elizabeth Moyer (Department of Geosciences, University of Chicago) for providing CMIP5 model output, and Valentyn Litvin (Department of Economics, Northwestern University) for his technical review. We have benefitted greatly from the comments of an anonymous reviewer.
Keywords
- Climate modeling
- Climate policy
- Decision-making
- Partial identification
- Structural uncertainty
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General