Advances in Nb3Sn superconducting radiofrequency cavities towards first practical accelerator applications

S. Posen; J. Lee; D. N. Seidman; A. Romanenko; B. Tennis; O. S. Melnychuk; D. A. Sergatskov

doi:10.1088/1361-6668/abc7f7

Advances in Nb₃Sn superconducting radiofrequency cavities towards first practical accelerator applications

S. Posen^*, J. Lee, D. N. Seidman, A. Romanenko, B. Tennis, O. S. Melnychuk, D. A. Sergatskov

^*Corresponding author for this work

Materials Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

51 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nb₃Sn is a promising next-generation material for superconducting radiofrequency cavities, with significant potential for both large scale and compact accelerator applications. However, so far, Nb₃Sn cavities have been limited to continuous wave accelerating fields <18 MV m⁻¹. In this paper, new results are presented with significantly higher fields, as high as 24 MV m⁻¹ in single cell cavities. Results are also presented from the first ever Nb₃Sn-coated 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavity, a full-scale demonstration on the cavity type used in production for the European XFEL and LCLS-II. Results are presented together with heat dissipation curves to emphasize the potential for industrial accelerator applications using cryocooler-based cooling systems. The cavities studied have an atypical shiny visual appearance, and microscopy studies of witness samples reveal significantly reduced surface roughness and smaller film thickness compared to typical Nb₃Sn films for superconducting cavities. Possible mechanisms for increased maximum field are discussed as well as implications for physics of RF superconductivity in the low coherence length regime. Outlook for continued development is presented.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	025007
Journal	Superconductor Science and Technology
Volume	34
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/abc7f7
State	Published - Feb 2021

Funding

The authors are grateful for the dedicated efforts of the SRF processing team at FNAL and ANL, the FNAL VTS testing team, and the FNAL machine shop and welding experts. Thanks also for helpful discussions with Anna Grassellino, Sergey Belomestnykh, Hasan Padamsee, Curtis Crawford, Chuck Grimm, Matthias Liepe, Grigory Eremeev, Daniel Hall, Ryan Porter, Uttar Pudasaini, and the FNAL SRF science team. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics and supported by the primary author’s DOE Early Career Award. This work made use of the EPIC, Keck-II, and/or SPID facilities of Northwestern University’s NUANCE Center, which received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS-1542205); the MRSEC program (NSF DMR-1121262) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN.

Keywords

NbSn
Particle accelerators
Superconducting radiofrequency

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Condensed Matter Physics
Ceramics and Composites
Metals and Alloys
Materials Chemistry
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1088/1361-6668/abc7f7

Cite this

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title = "Advances in Nb3Sn superconducting radiofrequency cavities towards first practical accelerator applications",

abstract = "Nb3Sn is a promising next-generation material for superconducting radiofrequency cavities, with significant potential for both large scale and compact accelerator applications. However, so far, Nb3Sn cavities have been limited to continuous wave accelerating fields <18 MV m−1. In this paper, new results are presented with significantly higher fields, as high as 24 MV m−1 in single cell cavities. Results are also presented from the first ever Nb3Sn-coated 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavity, a full-scale demonstration on the cavity type used in production for the European XFEL and LCLS-II. Results are presented together with heat dissipation curves to emphasize the potential for industrial accelerator applications using cryocooler-based cooling systems. The cavities studied have an atypical shiny visual appearance, and microscopy studies of witness samples reveal significantly reduced surface roughness and smaller film thickness compared to typical Nb3Sn films for superconducting cavities. Possible mechanisms for increased maximum field are discussed as well as implications for physics of RF superconductivity in the low coherence length regime. Outlook for continued development is presented.",

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author = "S. Posen and J. Lee and Seidman, {D. N.} and A. Romanenko and B. Tennis and Melnychuk, {O. S.} and Sergatskov, {D. A.}",

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AU - Tennis, B.

AU - Melnychuk, O. S.

AU - Sergatskov, D. A.

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N2 - Nb3Sn is a promising next-generation material for superconducting radiofrequency cavities, with significant potential for both large scale and compact accelerator applications. However, so far, Nb3Sn cavities have been limited to continuous wave accelerating fields <18 MV m−1. In this paper, new results are presented with significantly higher fields, as high as 24 MV m−1 in single cell cavities. Results are also presented from the first ever Nb3Sn-coated 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavity, a full-scale demonstration on the cavity type used in production for the European XFEL and LCLS-II. Results are presented together with heat dissipation curves to emphasize the potential for industrial accelerator applications using cryocooler-based cooling systems. The cavities studied have an atypical shiny visual appearance, and microscopy studies of witness samples reveal significantly reduced surface roughness and smaller film thickness compared to typical Nb3Sn films for superconducting cavities. Possible mechanisms for increased maximum field are discussed as well as implications for physics of RF superconductivity in the low coherence length regime. Outlook for continued development is presented.

AB - Nb3Sn is a promising next-generation material for superconducting radiofrequency cavities, with significant potential for both large scale and compact accelerator applications. However, so far, Nb3Sn cavities have been limited to continuous wave accelerating fields <18 MV m−1. In this paper, new results are presented with significantly higher fields, as high as 24 MV m−1 in single cell cavities. Results are also presented from the first ever Nb3Sn-coated 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavity, a full-scale demonstration on the cavity type used in production for the European XFEL and LCLS-II. Results are presented together with heat dissipation curves to emphasize the potential for industrial accelerator applications using cryocooler-based cooling systems. The cavities studied have an atypical shiny visual appearance, and microscopy studies of witness samples reveal significantly reduced surface roughness and smaller film thickness compared to typical Nb3Sn films for superconducting cavities. Possible mechanisms for increased maximum field are discussed as well as implications for physics of RF superconductivity in the low coherence length regime. Outlook for continued development is presented.

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