Abstract
Respiratory infections from influenza A virus (IAV) cause substantial morbidity and mortality in children relative to adults. T cells play a critical role in the host response to IAV by supporting the innate and humoral responses,mediating cytotoxic activity, and promoting recovery. There are age-dependent differences in the number, subsets, and localization of T cells, which impact the host response to pathogens. In this article, we first review how T cells recognize IAV and examine differences in the resting T-cell populations between juveniles and adults. Next, we describe how the juvenile CD4+, CD8+, and regulatory T-cell responses compare with those in adults and discuss the potential physiologic and clinical consequences of the differences. Finally, we explore the roles of two unconventional T-cell types in the juvenile response to influenza, natural-killer T cells and γδ T cells. A clear understanding of age-dependent differences in the T-cell response is essential to developing therapies to prevent or reverse the deleterious effects of IAV in children.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 415-423 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology |
| Volume | 63 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 2020 |
Funding
Supported by the Gorter Family Foundation, the Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, and the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago (A.D.P.); a David and Christine Cugell Fellowship (R.M.); U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grants K08 HL143127 (B.M.C.), K08HL128867, R01HL149883, R01HL114800, and U19AI135964 (B.D.S.); and National Institutes of Health grants P01HL071643, R01HL128194, P01GM0969971, and P01AG049665 (K.M.R.).
Keywords
- Agedependent
- Influenza
- Juvenile
- T cell
- Viral pneumonia
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Molecular Biology
- Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
