Agitation, Delirium, and Cognitive Outcomes in Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Lisa J. Rosenthal, Brandon A. Francis, Jennifer L. Beaumont, David Cella, Michael D. Berman, Matthew B. Maas, Eric M. Liotta, Robert Askew, Andrew M. Naidech*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background Delirium predicts higher long-term cognitive morbidity. We previously identified a cohort of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and delirium and found worse outcomes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the domain of cognitive function. Objective We tested the hypothesis that agitation would have additional prognostic significance on later cognitive function HRQoL. Methods Prospective identification of 174 patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage, measuring stroke severity, agitation, and delirium, with a standardized protocol and measures. HRQoL was assessed using the Neuro-QOL at 28 days, 3 months, and 1 year. Functional outcomes were measured with the modified Rankin Scale. Results Among the 81 patients with HRQoL follow-up data available, patients who had agitation and delirium had worse cognitive function HRQoL scores at 28 days (T scores for delirium with agitation 20.9 ± 7.3, delirium without agitation 30.4 ± 16.5, agitation without delirium 36.6 ± 17.5, and neither agitated nor delirious 40.3 ± 15.9; p = 0.03) and at 1 year (p = 0.006). The effect persisted in mixed models after correction for severity of neurologic injury, age, and time of assessment (p = 0.0006) and was not associated with medication use, seizures, or infection. Conclusions The presence of agitation with delirium in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage may predict higher risk of unfavorable cognitive outcomes up to 1 year later.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)19-27
Number of pages9
JournalPsychosomatics
Volume58
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2017

Keywords

  • cognition disorders
  • delirium
  • hyperkinesis
  • psychomotor agitation
  • quality of life
  • stroke

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)
  • Applied Psychology
  • Psychiatry and Mental health

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