TY - JOUR
T1 - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk, family income, and fish consumption estimates of mercury and omega-3 pufas in the United States
AU - Hoffman, Hannah I.
AU - Bradley, Walter G.
AU - Chen, Celia Y.
AU - Pioro, Erik P.
AU - Stommel, Elijah W.
AU - Andrew, Angeline S.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the Hitchcock Foundation and Centers for Disease control (CDC)/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) grant R01TS000288, entitled “Environmental risk factors for ALS: critical time periods and genetic interactions”.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - Most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases are considered sporadic, without a known genetic basis, and lifestyle factors are suspected to play an etiologic role. We previously observed increased risk of ALS associated with high nail mercury levels as an exposure biomarker and thus hypothesized that mercury exposure via fish consumption patterns increases ALS risk. Lifestyle surveys were obtained from ALS patients (n = 165) and n = 330 age-and sex-matched controls without ALS enrolled in New Hampshire, Vermont, or Ohio, USA. We estimated their annual intake of mercury and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) via self-reported seafood consumption habits, including species and frequency. In our multivariable model, family income showed a significant positive association with ALS risk (p = 0.0003, adjusted for age, sex, family history, education, and race). Neither the estimated annual mercury nor omega-3 PUFA intakes via seafood were associated with ALS risk. ALS incidence is associated with socioeconomic status; however, consistent with a prior international study, this relationship is not linked to mercury intake estimated via fish or seafood consumption patterns.
AB - Most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases are considered sporadic, without a known genetic basis, and lifestyle factors are suspected to play an etiologic role. We previously observed increased risk of ALS associated with high nail mercury levels as an exposure biomarker and thus hypothesized that mercury exposure via fish consumption patterns increases ALS risk. Lifestyle surveys were obtained from ALS patients (n = 165) and n = 330 age-and sex-matched controls without ALS enrolled in New Hampshire, Vermont, or Ohio, USA. We estimated their annual intake of mercury and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) via self-reported seafood consumption habits, including species and frequency. In our multivariable model, family income showed a significant positive association with ALS risk (p = 0.0003, adjusted for age, sex, family history, education, and race). Neither the estimated annual mercury nor omega-3 PUFA intakes via seafood were associated with ALS risk. ALS incidence is associated with socioeconomic status; however, consistent with a prior international study, this relationship is not linked to mercury intake estimated via fish or seafood consumption patterns.
KW - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
KW - Fish
KW - Mercury
KW - Neuromuscular disease
KW - Omega-3 fatty acids
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U2 - 10.3390/ijerph18094528
DO - 10.3390/ijerph18094528
M3 - Article
C2 - 33923256
AN - SCOPUS:85104679590
SN - 1661-7827
VL - 18
JO - International journal of environmental research and public health
JF - International journal of environmental research and public health
IS - 9
M1 - 4528
ER -
