@article{10e611bae6be470f8b18caa08fd2f915,
title = "An Atom Probe Study of κ-carbide Precipitation in Austenitic Lightweight Steel and the Effect of Phosphorus",
abstract = "The influence of phosphorus on κ-carbide precipitation and alloy partitioning in an austenitic Fe-30Mn-9Al-1Si-0.9C-0.5Mo cast steel was studied utilizing a combination of transmission electron microscopy, 3D atom probe tomography, X-ray diffraction, and first-principles atomistic modeling. Increasing the amount of phosphorus from 0.006 to 0.043 wt pct P increased the kinetics of the initial ordering reaction. Specimens from the high-phosphorus steel showed some degree of short-range ordering of Fe-Al-C that took place during the quench. It was shown that phosphorus increases both the size and volume fraction of κ-carbide during aging. However, the distribution of phosphorus appears to be homogeneous, and thus long-range diffusion of phosphorus was not responsible for the observed increase in hardening. It is shown that phosphorus encourages the initial short-range ordering into the E21 structure of κ-carbide and also accelerates spinodal decomposition associated with carbon and aluminum diffusions.",
author = "Bartlett, {L. N.} and {Van Aken}, {D. C.} and J. Medvedeva and D. Isheim and N. Medvedeva and K. Song",
note = "Funding Information: This study was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory under contracts from Battelle Memorial Institute (contract W911NF-07-D-0001) and Benet Laboratories (contract W15QKN-07-2-0004), and by the National Science Foundation{\textquoteright}s MRSEC program (DMR-0520513) and made use of its Shared Facilities at the Materials Research Center of North-western University. Laura Bartlett was also supported by a U.S. Department of Education GAANN fellowship under contract P200A0900048. The FEI Tecnai F20 scanning/transmission electron microscope was obtained through a Major Research Instrumentation grant from the NSF under contract DMR-0922851. The authors also gratefully acknowledge Waukesha Foundry, Inc. for providing the low-phosphorus Fe-Mn-Al-C alloys and the alloys with varying Si contents. The local-electrode atom-probe tomograph at the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT) was purchased and upgraded with funding from NSF-MRI (DMR-0420532) and ONR-DURIP (N00014-0400798, N00014-0610539, N00014-0910781) Grants. Additional instrumentation at NUCAPT was supported by the Initiative for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern (ISEN). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International.",
year = "2017",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/s11661-017-4287-3",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "48",
pages = "5500--5515",
journal = "Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science",
issn = "1073-5623",
publisher = "Springer Boston",
number = "11",
}