TY - JOUR
T1 - Anatomy and pathophysiology of facial aging.
AU - Zimbler, M. S.
AU - Kokoska, M. S.
AU - Thomas, J. R.
PY - 2001/5
Y1 - 2001/5
N2 - The major forces responsible for facial aging include gravity, soft tissue maturation, skeletal remodeling, muscular facial activity, and solar changes. This article discusses the anatomy and pathophysiology of facial aging by defining the affects of the aging process on the skeletal structure, skin, and musculature. How these changes affect the upper, mid, and lower thirds of the aging face is then examined.
AB - The major forces responsible for facial aging include gravity, soft tissue maturation, skeletal remodeling, muscular facial activity, and solar changes. This article discusses the anatomy and pathophysiology of facial aging by defining the affects of the aging process on the skeletal structure, skin, and musculature. How these changes affect the upper, mid, and lower thirds of the aging face is then examined.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035349294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035349294&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 11457684
AN - SCOPUS:0035349294
SN - 1064-7406
VL - 9
SP - 179-187, vii
JO - Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
JF - Facial plastic surgery clinics of North America
IS - 2
ER -