Abstract
A series of annulated thienyl-vinylene-thienyl (ATVT) building blocks having varied ring sizes, isomeric structures, and substituents was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic, electrochemical, quantum chemical, and crystallographic methods. It is found that ATVT ring size and isomeric structure critically affect the planarity, structural rigidity, optical absorption, and redox properties of these new π-units. Various solubilizing substituents can be introduced on the annulated hydrocarbon fragments, preserving the ATVT planarity and redox properties. The corresponding π-conjugated copolymers comprising ATVT units and electron-deficient units were also synthesized and characterized. The solubility, redox properties, and carrier transport behavior of these copolymers also depend remarkably on the annulated ring size and the ATVT unit isomeric structure. One of the copolymers composed of an ATVT with five-membered rings (1), (E)-4,4′,5,5′-tetrahydro-6,6′-bi(cyclopenta[b]thiophenylidene), and a naphthalenediimide (NDI) unit exhibits a broad UV-vis-NIR absorption with an onset beyond 1100 nm both in solution and in the film state, and thin films exhibit n-type semiconducting properties in field-effect transistors. These results are ascribed to the extended main chain π-conjugation length and the low HOMO-LUMO bandgap. Other π-conjugated copolymers containing unit 1 also exhibit characteristic red-shifted UV-vis-NIR absorption. A diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymer with unit 1 serves as an electron donor material in organic photovoltaic devices, exhibiting broad-range external quantum efficiencies from the UV to beyond 1000 nm.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 5772-5783 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Chemistry of Materials |
Volume | 28 |
Issue number | 16 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 23 2016 |
Funding
We thank the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF, no. SP0022069), the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001059, by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-FG02-08ER46536, and AFOSR (Grant FA9550- 15-1-0044) for support of this research
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Chemistry
- General Chemical Engineering
- Materials Chemistry
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CCDC 1504370: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Takai, A. (Creator), Chen, Z. (Creator), Yu, X. (Creator), Zhou, N. (Creator), Marks, T. J. (Creator) & Facchetti, A. (Creator), Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 2016
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf2m, http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/services/structure_request?id=doi:10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf2m&sid=DataCite
Dataset
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CCDC 1504369: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Takai, A. (Creator), Chen, Z. (Creator), Yu, X. (Creator), Zhou, N. (Creator), Marks, T. J. (Creator) & Facchetti, A. (Creator), Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 2016
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf1l, http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/services/structure_request?id=doi:10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf1l&sid=DataCite
Dataset
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CCDC 1504371: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
Takai, A. (Creator), Chen, Z. (Creator), Yu, X. (Creator), Zhou, N. (Creator), Marks, T. J. (Creator) & Facchetti, A. (Creator), Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, 2016
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf3n, http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/services/structure_request?id=doi:10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1mhf3n&sid=DataCite
Dataset