Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and its type II receptor AMHR2, both previously thought to primarily function in gonadal tissue, were unexpectedly identified as potent regulators of transforming growth factor (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer. AMH is a TGF-β/BMP superfamily member, and AMHR2 heterodimerizes with type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3) also used by the type II receptor for BMP (BMPR2). AMH signaling regulates expression of BMPR2, ALK2, and ALK3, supports protein kinase B-nuclear factor κB (AKT-NF-κB) and SMAD survival signaling, and influences BMP-dependent signaling in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). AMH and AMHR2 are selectively expressed in epithelial versus mesenchymal cells, and loss of AMH/AMHR2 induces EMT. Independent induction of EMT reduces expression of AMH and AMHR2. Importantly, EMT associated with depletion of AMH or AMHR2 results in chemoresistance but sensitizes cells to the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor ganetespib. Recognition of this AMH/AMHR2 axis helps to further elucidate TGF-β/BMP resistance-associated signaling and suggests new strategies for therapeutic targeting of EMT.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 657-671 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Cell reports |
Volume | 16 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 19 2016 |
Funding
We thank Drs. Jonathan Chernoff, Jeffrey Peterson, Mauricio Reginato, and Mark Lemmon for critical reading of the manuscript. We also thank current and former members of the E.A.G. lab, and the facilities and our colleagues at Fox Chase Cancer Center. Jean-Marc Barret and Jean-François Prost from GamaMabs Pharma deserve special thanks for generously sharing reagents and ideas. The authors were supported by U54 CA149147, R21 CA181287, R21 CA191425, and P50 CA083638 from the NIH (to E.A.G.), the Ruth L. Kirschstein NRSA F30 fellowship (F30 CA180607) from the NIH (to T.N.B.), NCI Core Grant P30 CA006927 (to Fox Chase Cancer Center), the Russian Ministry of Science and Education, as task #17.1891.2014/K (to V.A.K.), and the Russian Government to support the Program for Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University (to I.G.S.).
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology