Antiviral Treatments

Michael G. Ison

doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.008

Antiviral Treatments

Michael G. Ison

Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. The M2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza A but all circulating strains are currently resistant to these drugs. Neuraminidase inhibitors are the sole approved class of antivirals to treat influenza. Ribavirin, especially when combined with intravenous antibody, reduces morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	139-153
Number of pages	15
Journal	Clinics in Chest Medicine
Volume	38
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.008
State	Published - Mar 1 2017

Keywords

Influenza
Neuraminidase inhibitor
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Respiratory virus
Ribavirin

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.008

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title = "Antiviral Treatments",

abstract = "Most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. The M2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza A but all circulating strains are currently resistant to these drugs. Neuraminidase inhibitors are the sole approved class of antivirals to treat influenza. Ribavirin, especially when combined with intravenous antibody, reduces morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients.",

keywords = "Influenza, Neuraminidase inhibitor, Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Respiratory virus, Ribavirin",

author = "Ison, {Michael G.}",

note = "Funding Information: Disclosure Statement: M.G. Ison has received research support, paid to Northwestern University, from Alios, Astellas, Beckman Coulter, Chimerix, Gilead, Jansen/Johnson & Johnson; he has provided compensated consultation to Celltrion, Chimerix, Farmark, Genentech/Roche, Toyama/MediVector, and Shionogi, and uncompensated consultation to BioCryst, Biota, Cellex, GlaxoSmithKlein, Romark, NexBio, Theraclone, Unither Virology, and Vertex; he is also a paid member of data and safety monitor boards related to research activity conducted by Astellas, Jansen/Vertex.",

year = "2017",

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N1 - Funding Information: Disclosure Statement: M.G. Ison has received research support, paid to Northwestern University, from Alios, Astellas, Beckman Coulter, Chimerix, Gilead, Jansen/Johnson & Johnson; he has provided compensated consultation to Celltrion, Chimerix, Farmark, Genentech/Roche, Toyama/MediVector, and Shionogi, and uncompensated consultation to BioCryst, Biota, Cellex, GlaxoSmithKlein, Romark, NexBio, Theraclone, Unither Virology, and Vertex; he is also a paid member of data and safety monitor boards related to research activity conducted by Astellas, Jansen/Vertex.

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N2 - Most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. The M2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza A but all circulating strains are currently resistant to these drugs. Neuraminidase inhibitors are the sole approved class of antivirals to treat influenza. Ribavirin, especially when combined with intravenous antibody, reduces morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients.

AB - Most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. The M2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza A but all circulating strains are currently resistant to these drugs. Neuraminidase inhibitors are the sole approved class of antivirals to treat influenza. Ribavirin, especially when combined with intravenous antibody, reduces morbidity and mortality among immunosuppressed patients.

KW - Influenza

KW - Neuraminidase inhibitor

KW - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

KW - Respiratory virus

KW - Ribavirin

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