Abstract
Background: There have been mixed findings on the temporal relation between anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders (AUDs), suggesting that the pathway to AUDs may differ among individuals. The aim of the current study was to test whether parental support moderated the association between anxiety disorders and the development of AUDs. We also tested whether our effects differed as a function of age of AUD onset. Methods: 817 individuals were assessed for lifetime diagnoses of psychopathology during 4-waves between adolescence (mean age. = 16) and adulthood (mean age. = 30). Results: Proportional hazards model analyses indicated that baseline anxiety disorders interacted with baseline perceived maternal support to prospectively predict onset of AUDs. At high levels of maternal support, anxiety disorders were associated with a reduced risk for AUD onset (HR. = 0.74, 95% CI. = 0.55-1.00). However, this effect was more robust for AUDs that developed prior to age 20. At low levels of maternal support, anxiety disorders were associated with an increased risk for AUD onset (HR. = 1.65, 95% CI. = 1.21-2.26). This effect was present for AUDs that developed across adolescence and adulthood. Paternal support was not associated with AUDs and did not interact with anxiety disorders. Conclusions: Prevention and intervention efforts targeted at maternal support in adolescents with anxiety disorders may be valuable, as this may represent a factor that has a significant impact on the developmental course of AUDs.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 191-197 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Drug and Alcohol Dependence |
Volume | 140 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 1 2014 |
Funding
Funding for this study was provided by NIAAA Grant F31 AA022273-01A1 awarded to Stephanie M. Gorka, NIMH Grant R01 MH098093-02 awarded to Stewart Shankman, and NIMH Grants R01 MH40501 and R01 MH50522 awarded to Peter Lewinsohn. NIMH Grant MH52858 and NIDA Grant DA12951 awarded to Peter Lewinsohn, and NIAAA Grant AA020968 awarded to Richard F. Farmer and John R. Seeley. The NIAAA and NIMH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
Keywords
- Alcohol use disorders
- Anxiety disorders
- Maternal support
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Psychiatry and Mental health
- Pharmacology (medical)
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology