Application of case-crossover and case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis failure

Michael F. Schneider; Stephen J. Gange; Joseph B. Margolick; Roger Detels; Joan S. Chmiel; Charles Rinaldo; Haroutune K. Armenian

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002

Application of case-crossover and case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis failure

Michael F. Schneider^*, Stephen J. Gange, Joseph B. Margolick, Roger Detels, Joan S. Chmiel, Charles Rinaldo, Haroutune K. Armenian

^*Corresponding author for this work

Preventive Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

To evaluate the association of sexual behavior and recreational drug exposures with T-cell homeostasis failure (TCHF), which corresponds to the onset of a rapid decline in an individual's T lymphocyte count, which occurs on average approximately 1.75 years prior to an initial diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A case-crossover design and a case-time-control design, both nested within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study of 4954 homosexual and bisexual men initiated in 1983. In the case-crossover analysis, use of both recreational drugs and hashish were found to be protective against TCHF (odds ratios ≤ 0.41), based on comparisons with four earlier control periods. However, a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of these exposures was observed over time, thus motivating the implementation of the case-time-control design. Using the latter approach, the associations of drug use (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 1.28) and hashish use (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.05) with TCHF were no longer statistically significant. The difference in inferences between these approaches demonstrates the importance of evaluating temporal trends in exposures when using a case-crossover design.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	137-144
Number of pages	8
Journal	Annals of Epidemiology
Volume	15
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002
State	Published - Feb 2005

Funding

Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) with centers (Principal Investigators) at The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph B. Margolick, Alvaro Muñoz), Howard Brown Health Center and Northwestern University Medical School (John Phair), University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Beth Jamieson), and University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo). The MACS is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with additional supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute. UO1-AI-35042, 5-MO1-RR-00722 (GCRC), UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37984, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-35041. Website located at http://statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html .

Keywords

Biological Markers
Crossover Studies
Epidemiological Methods
HIV/AIDS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002

Cite this

@article{7d9e4c1edcea438391fe00eb60e73de4,

title = "Application of case-crossover and case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis failure",

abstract = "To evaluate the association of sexual behavior and recreational drug exposures with T-cell homeostasis failure (TCHF), which corresponds to the onset of a rapid decline in an individual's T lymphocyte count, which occurs on average approximately 1.75 years prior to an initial diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A case-crossover design and a case-time-control design, both nested within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study of 4954 homosexual and bisexual men initiated in 1983. In the case-crossover analysis, use of both recreational drugs and hashish were found to be protective against TCHF (odds ratios ≤ 0.41), based on comparisons with four earlier control periods. However, a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of these exposures was observed over time, thus motivating the implementation of the case-time-control design. Using the latter approach, the associations of drug use (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 1.28) and hashish use (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.05) with TCHF were no longer statistically significant. The difference in inferences between these approaches demonstrates the importance of evaluating temporal trends in exposures when using a case-crossover design.",

keywords = "Biological Markers, Crossover Studies, Epidemiological Methods, HIV/AIDS",

author = "Schneider, {Michael F.} and Gange, {Stephen J.} and Margolick, {Joseph B.} and Roger Detels and Chmiel, {Joan S.} and Charles Rinaldo and Armenian, {Haroutune K.}",

note = "Funding Information: Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) with centers (Principal Investigators) at The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph B. Margolick, Alvaro Mu{\~n}oz), Howard Brown Health Center and Northwestern University Medical School (John Phair), University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Beth Jamieson), and University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo). The MACS is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with additional supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute. UO1-AI-35042, 5-MO1-RR-00722 (GCRC), UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37984, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-35041. Website located at http://statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html . ",

year = "2005",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "15",

pages = "137--144",

journal = "Annals of Epidemiology",

issn = "1047-2797",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Application of case-crossover and case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis failure

AU - Schneider, Michael F.

AU - Gange, Stephen J.

AU - Margolick, Joseph B.

AU - Detels, Roger

AU - Chmiel, Joan S.

AU - Rinaldo, Charles

AU - Armenian, Haroutune K.

N1 - Funding Information: Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) with centers (Principal Investigators) at The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Joseph B. Margolick, Alvaro Muñoz), Howard Brown Health Center and Northwestern University Medical School (John Phair), University of California, Los Angeles (Roger Detels, Beth Jamieson), and University of Pittsburgh (Charles Rinaldo). The MACS is funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with additional supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute. UO1-AI-35042, 5-MO1-RR-00722 (GCRC), UO1-AI-35043, UO1-AI-37984, UO1-AI-35039, UO1-AI-35040, UO1-AI-37613, UO1-AI-35041. Website located at http://statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html .

PY - 2005/2

Y1 - 2005/2

N2 - To evaluate the association of sexual behavior and recreational drug exposures with T-cell homeostasis failure (TCHF), which corresponds to the onset of a rapid decline in an individual's T lymphocyte count, which occurs on average approximately 1.75 years prior to an initial diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A case-crossover design and a case-time-control design, both nested within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study of 4954 homosexual and bisexual men initiated in 1983. In the case-crossover analysis, use of both recreational drugs and hashish were found to be protective against TCHF (odds ratios ≤ 0.41), based on comparisons with four earlier control periods. However, a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of these exposures was observed over time, thus motivating the implementation of the case-time-control design. Using the latter approach, the associations of drug use (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 1.28) and hashish use (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.05) with TCHF were no longer statistically significant. The difference in inferences between these approaches demonstrates the importance of evaluating temporal trends in exposures when using a case-crossover design.

AB - To evaluate the association of sexual behavior and recreational drug exposures with T-cell homeostasis failure (TCHF), which corresponds to the onset of a rapid decline in an individual's T lymphocyte count, which occurs on average approximately 1.75 years prior to an initial diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A case-crossover design and a case-time-control design, both nested within the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study of 4954 homosexual and bisexual men initiated in 1983. In the case-crossover analysis, use of both recreational drugs and hashish were found to be protective against TCHF (odds ratios ≤ 0.41), based on comparisons with four earlier control periods. However, a significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of these exposures was observed over time, thus motivating the implementation of the case-time-control design. Using the latter approach, the associations of drug use (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 1.28) and hashish use (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.05) with TCHF were no longer statistically significant. The difference in inferences between these approaches demonstrates the importance of evaluating temporal trends in exposures when using a case-crossover design.

KW - Biological Markers

KW - Crossover Studies

KW - Epidemiological Methods

KW - HIV/AIDS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=12344338939&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=12344338939&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002

DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.05.002

M3 - Article

C2 - 15652719

AN - SCOPUS:12344338939

SN - 1047-2797

VL - 15

SP - 137

EP - 144

JO - Annals of Epidemiology

JF - Annals of Epidemiology

IS - 2

ER -

Application of case-crossover and case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis failure

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this