TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of Mitral Valve Anatomy and Geometry With Multislice Computed Tomography
AU - Delgado, Victoria
AU - Tops, Laurens F.
AU - Schuijf, Joanne D.
AU - de Roos, Albert
AU - Brugada, Josep
AU - Schalij, Martin J.
AU - Thomas, James D.
AU - Bax, Jeroen J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Delgado was financially supported by the Research Fellowship of the European Society of Cardiology. Dr. Schalij received grants from Biotronik, Medtronic, and Boston Scientific. Dr. Thomas received grants from GE Healthcare, Philips, and Siemens. Dr. Bax received research grants from GE Healthcare, BMS Medical Imaging, Edwards Lifesciences, Boston Scientific, Medtronic, and St. Jude Medical.
PY - 2009/5
Y1 - 2009/5
N2 - Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to assess the anatomy and geometry of the mitral valve by using 64-slice multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Background: Because it yields detailed anatomic information, MSCT may provide more insight into the underlying mechanisms of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Methods: In 151 patients, including 67 patients with heart failure (HF) and 29 patients with moderate to severe FMR, 64-slice MSCT coronary angiography was performed. The anatomy of the subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve was assessed; mitral valve geometry, comprising the mitral valve tenting height and leaflet tethering, was evaluated at the anterolateral, central, and posteromedial levels. Results: In the majority of patients, the anatomy of the subvalvular apparatus was highly variable because of multiple anatomic variations in the posterior papillary muscle (PM): the anterior PM had a single insertion, whereas the posterior PM showed multiple heads and insertions (n = 114; 83%). The assessment of mitral valve geometry demonstrated that patients with HF with moderate to severe FMR had significantly increased posterior leaflet angles and mitral valve tenting heights at the central (44.4° ± 11.9° vs. 37.1° ± 9.0°, p = 0.008; 6.6 ± 1.4 mm/m2 vs. 5.3 ± 1.3 mm/m2, p < 0.0001, respectively) and posteromedial levels (35.9° ± 10.6° vs. 26.8° ± 10.1°, p = 0.04; 5.4 ± 1.6 mm/m2 vs. 4.1 ± 1.2 mm/m2, p < 0.0001, respectively), as compared with patients with HF without FMR. In addition, a more outward displacement of the PMs, reflected by a higher mitral valve sphericity index, was observed in patients with HF with FMR (1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.3, p = 0.004). Mitral valve tenting height at the central level and mitral valve sphericity index were the strongest determinants of FMR severity. Conclusions: MSCT provides anatomic and geometric information on the mitral valve apparatus. In patients with HF with moderate to severe FMR, a more pronounced tethering of the mitral leaflets at the central and posteromedial levels was demonstrated using MSCT.
AB - Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to assess the anatomy and geometry of the mitral valve by using 64-slice multislice computed tomography (MSCT). Background: Because it yields detailed anatomic information, MSCT may provide more insight into the underlying mechanisms of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). Methods: In 151 patients, including 67 patients with heart failure (HF) and 29 patients with moderate to severe FMR, 64-slice MSCT coronary angiography was performed. The anatomy of the subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve was assessed; mitral valve geometry, comprising the mitral valve tenting height and leaflet tethering, was evaluated at the anterolateral, central, and posteromedial levels. Results: In the majority of patients, the anatomy of the subvalvular apparatus was highly variable because of multiple anatomic variations in the posterior papillary muscle (PM): the anterior PM had a single insertion, whereas the posterior PM showed multiple heads and insertions (n = 114; 83%). The assessment of mitral valve geometry demonstrated that patients with HF with moderate to severe FMR had significantly increased posterior leaflet angles and mitral valve tenting heights at the central (44.4° ± 11.9° vs. 37.1° ± 9.0°, p = 0.008; 6.6 ± 1.4 mm/m2 vs. 5.3 ± 1.3 mm/m2, p < 0.0001, respectively) and posteromedial levels (35.9° ± 10.6° vs. 26.8° ± 10.1°, p = 0.04; 5.4 ± 1.6 mm/m2 vs. 4.1 ± 1.2 mm/m2, p < 0.0001, respectively), as compared with patients with HF without FMR. In addition, a more outward displacement of the PMs, reflected by a higher mitral valve sphericity index, was observed in patients with HF with FMR (1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 1.2 ± 0.3, p = 0.004). Mitral valve tenting height at the central level and mitral valve sphericity index were the strongest determinants of FMR severity. Conclusions: MSCT provides anatomic and geometric information on the mitral valve apparatus. In patients with HF with moderate to severe FMR, a more pronounced tethering of the mitral leaflets at the central and posteromedial levels was demonstrated using MSCT.
KW - mitral regurgitation
KW - mitral valve
KW - multislice computed tomography
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.12.025
DO - 10.1016/j.jcmg.2008.12.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 19442940
AN - SCOPUS:65549124053
VL - 2
SP - 556
EP - 565
JO - JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
JF - JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging
SN - 1936-878X
IS - 5
ER -