Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study

Ned Premyodhin; Wenjun Fan; Millie Arora; Matthew J. Budoff; Alka M. Kanaya; Namratha Kandula; Latha Palaniappan; Jamal S. Rana; Masood Younus; Nathan D. Wong

doi:10.1177/14791641231204368

Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study

Ned Premyodhin, Wenjun Fan, Millie Arora, Matthew J. Budoff, Alka M. Kanaya, Namratha Kandula, Latha Palaniappan, Jamal S. Rana, Masood Younus, Nathan D. Wong^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Medicine, General Medicine Division

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3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: South Asian (SA) persons have increased risks for diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We examined whether the association of DM with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcium (CAC) differs in SA versus other ethnic groups. Methods: We studied adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America studies without ASCVD. CAC was examined among those normoglycemic, pre-DM and DM. Logistic regression examined pre-DM and DM with the odds of any CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100. Results: Among 7562 participants, CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100 in those with DM was highest in non-Hispanic White (NHW) (80% and 48%) and SA (72% and 41%) persons. Adjusted Ln (CAC + 1) was highest in NHW (3.68 ± 0.21) and SA (3.60 ± 0.23) (p <.01) DM patients. SA and NHW adults with DM (vs normoglycemic) had highest odds of CAC > 0 (2.13 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). For CAC ≥ 100, SA and Chinese adults had the highest odds (2.28 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin were most strongly associated with CAC among SA. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus most strongly relates to any CAC in SA and NHW adults and CAC ≥ 100 in SA and Chinese adults, helping to explain the relation of DM with ASCVD in these populations.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research
Volume	20
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/14791641231204368
State	Published - Sep 1 2023

Funding

The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The MASALA study was supported by the NIH grant no.1 R01 HL093009. Data collection at UCSF was also supported by NIH/NCRR UCSF-CTSI Grant Number UL1 RR024131. The MESA study was supported by contracts 75N92020D00001, HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, 75N92020D00005, N01-HC-95160, 75N92020D00002, N01-HC-95161, 75N92020D00003, N01-HC-95162, 75N92020D00006, N01-HC-95163, 75N92020D00004, N01-HC-95164, 75N92020D00007, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168 and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and by grants UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS).

Keywords

Coronary artery calcium
atherosclerosis
diabetes mellitus
ethnicity
race

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Premyodhin, N., Fan, W., Arora, M., Budoff, M. J., Kanaya, A. M., Kandula, N., Palaniappan, L., Rana, J. S., Younus, M., & Wong, N. D. (2023). Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.1177/14791641231204368

@article{7cadf4c2198b45b1b96722372df97ead,

title = "Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study",

abstract = "Purpose: South Asian (SA) persons have increased risks for diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We examined whether the association of DM with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcium (CAC) differs in SA versus other ethnic groups. Methods: We studied adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America studies without ASCVD. CAC was examined among those normoglycemic, pre-DM and DM. Logistic regression examined pre-DM and DM with the odds of any CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100. Results: Among 7562 participants, CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100 in those with DM was highest in non-Hispanic White (NHW) (80% and 48%) and SA (72% and 41%) persons. Adjusted Ln (CAC + 1) was highest in NHW (3.68 ± 0.21) and SA (3.60 ± 0.23) (p <.01) DM patients. SA and NHW adults with DM (vs normoglycemic) had highest odds of CAC > 0 (2.13 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). For CAC ≥ 100, SA and Chinese adults had the highest odds (2.28 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin were most strongly associated with CAC among SA. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus most strongly relates to any CAC in SA and NHW adults and CAC ≥ 100 in SA and Chinese adults, helping to explain the relation of DM with ASCVD in these populations.",

keywords = "Coronary artery calcium, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, ethnicity, race",

author = "Ned Premyodhin and Wenjun Fan and Millie Arora and Budoff, {Matthew J.} and Kanaya, {Alka M.} and Namratha Kandula and Latha Palaniappan and Rana, {Jamal S.} and Masood Younus and Wong, {Nathan D.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2023.",

year = "2023",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1177/14791641231204368",

language = "English (US)",

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Premyodhin, N, Fan, W, Arora, M, Budoff, MJ, Kanaya, AM, Kandula, N, Palaniappan, L, Rana, JS, Younus, M & Wong, ND 2023, 'Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study', Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, vol. 20, no. 5. https://doi.org/10.1177/14791641231204368

Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study. / Premyodhin, Ned; Fan, Wenjun; Arora, Millie et al.
In: Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research, Vol. 20, No. 5, 01.09.2023.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups

T2 - The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study

AU - Premyodhin, Ned

AU - Fan, Wenjun

AU - Arora, Millie

AU - Budoff, Matthew J.

AU - Kanaya, Alka M.

AU - Kandula, Namratha

AU - Palaniappan, Latha

AU - Rana, Jamal S.

AU - Younus, Masood

AU - Wong, Nathan D.

PY - 2023/9/1

Y1 - 2023/9/1

N2 - Purpose: South Asian (SA) persons have increased risks for diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We examined whether the association of DM with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcium (CAC) differs in SA versus other ethnic groups. Methods: We studied adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America studies without ASCVD. CAC was examined among those normoglycemic, pre-DM and DM. Logistic regression examined pre-DM and DM with the odds of any CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100. Results: Among 7562 participants, CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100 in those with DM was highest in non-Hispanic White (NHW) (80% and 48%) and SA (72% and 41%) persons. Adjusted Ln (CAC + 1) was highest in NHW (3.68 ± 0.21) and SA (3.60 ± 0.23) (p <.01) DM patients. SA and NHW adults with DM (vs normoglycemic) had highest odds of CAC > 0 (2.13 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). For CAC ≥ 100, SA and Chinese adults had the highest odds (2.28 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin were most strongly associated with CAC among SA. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus most strongly relates to any CAC in SA and NHW adults and CAC ≥ 100 in SA and Chinese adults, helping to explain the relation of DM with ASCVD in these populations.

AB - Purpose: South Asian (SA) persons have increased risks for diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We examined whether the association of DM with subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcium (CAC) differs in SA versus other ethnic groups. Methods: We studied adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America studies without ASCVD. CAC was examined among those normoglycemic, pre-DM and DM. Logistic regression examined pre-DM and DM with the odds of any CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100. Results: Among 7562 participants, CAC > 0 and CAC ≥ 100 in those with DM was highest in non-Hispanic White (NHW) (80% and 48%) and SA (72% and 41%) persons. Adjusted Ln (CAC + 1) was highest in NHW (3.68 ± 0.21) and SA (3.60 ± 0.23) (p <.01) DM patients. SA and NHW adults with DM (vs normoglycemic) had highest odds of CAC > 0 (2.13 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). For CAC ≥ 100, SA and Chinese adults had the highest odds (2.28 and 2.27, respectively, p <.01). Fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin were most strongly associated with CAC among SA. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus most strongly relates to any CAC in SA and NHW adults and CAC ≥ 100 in SA and Chinese adults, helping to explain the relation of DM with ASCVD in these populations.

KW - Coronary artery calcium

KW - atherosclerosis

KW - diabetes mellitus

KW - ethnicity

KW - race

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JO - Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research

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Premyodhin N, Fan W, Arora M, Budoff MJ, Kanaya AM, Kandula N et al. Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study. Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research. 2023 Sep 1;20(5). doi: 10.1177/14791641231204368

Association of diabetes with coronary artery calcium in South Asian adults and other race/ethnic groups: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis and the mediators of atherosclerosis in South Asians living in America study

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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