Associations of glycemia and lipid levels in pregnancy with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later: The HAPO follow-up study

For the HAPO and HAPO Follow-Up Study Cooperative Research Groups

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109790

Associations of glycemia and lipid levels in pregnancy with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later: The HAPO follow-up study

For the HAPO and HAPO Follow-Up Study Cooperative Research Groups

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aims: To examine associations of pregnancy glycemia with future dyslipidemia. Methods: We analyzed data from Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study participants. We examined associations of gestational diabetes (GDM), sum of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour glucose z-scores after 75-g load, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels at 24–32 weeks’ gestation with dyslipidemia 10–14 years postpartum. Results: Among 4,693 women, 14.3% had GDM. At follow-up, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (5.7) years, 32.3% had total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.17, 27.2% had HDL cholesterol < 1.29, 22.4% had LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 3.36, 10.9% had triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, and 2.9% had type 2 diabetes. After covariate adjustment, pregnancy glycemic measures were associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias. After additional adjustment for pregnancy lipids, GDM remained associated with TC ≥ 5.17 mmol/L (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.63 [1.22–2.18]) and LDL-C ≥ 3.36 mmol/L (1.63 [1.20–2.22]), even in the absence of type 2 diabetes development (1.55 [1.15–2.10] and 1.56 [1.13–2.16], respectively). Continuous glycemic measures in pregnancy were significantly associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias, independent of pregnancy lipids and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Pregnancy glycemia was associated with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later, independent of pregnancy lipid levels and in the absence of type 2 diabetes development. Lipid screening after GDM deserves special consideration.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	109790
Journal	Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume	185
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109790
State	Published - Mar 2022

Funding

The HAPO Study was funded by grants R01HD34242 and R01HD34243 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with additional HAPO ancillary study data obtained through grants R01DK095963 and R01DK117491 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The HAPO Follow-Up Study was funded by grant 1U01DK094830 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The ancillary lipid study was funded by a Dixon Translational Research Grant from the Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences (NUCATS) Institute and the Northwestern Memorial Foundation, an Eleanor Wood-Prince Grant from the Woman’s Board of Northwestern Memorial Hospital, and a subcontract under grant 17SFRN33660752 from the American Heart Association. The research reported in this article was supported, in part, by grant UL1TR001422 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health. AMP’s work was supported by grant K23HL145101 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and a Pediatric Physician-Scientist Research Award from the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics. We gratefully acknowledge the mothers who participated in HAPO and HAPO FUS. The HAPO Study was funded by grants R01HD34242 and R01HD34243 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with additional HAPO ancillary study data obtained through grants R01DK095963 and R01DK117491 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The HAPO Follow-Up Study was funded by grant 1U01DK094830 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The ancillary lipid study was funded by a Dixon Translational Research Grant from the Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences (NUCATS) Institute and the Northwestern Memorial Foundation, an Eleanor Wood-Prince Grant from the Woman's Board of Northwestern Memorial Hospital, and a subcontract under grant 17SFRN33660752 from the American Heart Association. The research reported in this article was supported, in part, by grant UL1TR001422 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health. AMP's work was supported by grant K23HL145101 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and a Pediatric Physician-Scientist Research Award from the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics.

Keywords

Diabetes
Lipids
Pregnancy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology
Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109790

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title = "Associations of glycemia and lipid levels in pregnancy with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later: The HAPO follow-up study",

abstract = "Aims: To examine associations of pregnancy glycemia with future dyslipidemia. Methods: We analyzed data from Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study participants. We examined associations of gestational diabetes (GDM), sum of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour glucose z-scores after 75-g load, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels at 24–32 weeks{\textquoteright} gestation with dyslipidemia 10–14 years postpartum. Results: Among 4,693 women, 14.3% had GDM. At follow-up, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (5.7) years, 32.3% had total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.17, 27.2% had HDL cholesterol < 1.29, 22.4% had LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 3.36, 10.9% had triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, and 2.9% had type 2 diabetes. After covariate adjustment, pregnancy glycemic measures were associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias. After additional adjustment for pregnancy lipids, GDM remained associated with TC ≥ 5.17 mmol/L (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.63 [1.22–2.18]) and LDL-C ≥ 3.36 mmol/L (1.63 [1.20–2.22]), even in the absence of type 2 diabetes development (1.55 [1.15–2.10] and 1.56 [1.13–2.16], respectively). Continuous glycemic measures in pregnancy were significantly associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias, independent of pregnancy lipids and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Pregnancy glycemia was associated with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later, independent of pregnancy lipid levels and in the absence of type 2 diabetes development. Lipid screening after GDM deserves special consideration.",

keywords = "Diabetes, Lipids, Pregnancy",

author = "{For the HAPO and HAPO Follow-Up Study Cooperative Research Groups} and Lowe, {Lynn P.} and Perak, {Amanda M.} and Alan Kuang and Lloyd-Jones, {Donald M.} and Sacks, {David A.} and Chaicharn Deerochanawong and Michael Maresh and Ma, {Ronald C.} and Lowe, {William L.} and Metzger, {Boyd E.} and Scholtens, {Denise M.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109790",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "185",

journal = "Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice",

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T1 - Associations of glycemia and lipid levels in pregnancy with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later

T2 - The HAPO follow-up study

AU - For the HAPO and HAPO Follow-Up Study Cooperative Research Groups

AU - Lowe, Lynn P.

AU - Perak, Amanda M.

AU - Kuang, Alan

AU - Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.

AU - Sacks, David A.

AU - Deerochanawong, Chaicharn

AU - Maresh, Michael

AU - Ma, Ronald C.

AU - Lowe, William L.

AU - Metzger, Boyd E.

AU - Scholtens, Denise M.

PY - 2022/3

Y1 - 2022/3

N2 - Aims: To examine associations of pregnancy glycemia with future dyslipidemia. Methods: We analyzed data from Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study participants. We examined associations of gestational diabetes (GDM), sum of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour glucose z-scores after 75-g load, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels at 24–32 weeks’ gestation with dyslipidemia 10–14 years postpartum. Results: Among 4,693 women, 14.3% had GDM. At follow-up, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (5.7) years, 32.3% had total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.17, 27.2% had HDL cholesterol < 1.29, 22.4% had LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 3.36, 10.9% had triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, and 2.9% had type 2 diabetes. After covariate adjustment, pregnancy glycemic measures were associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias. After additional adjustment for pregnancy lipids, GDM remained associated with TC ≥ 5.17 mmol/L (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.63 [1.22–2.18]) and LDL-C ≥ 3.36 mmol/L (1.63 [1.20–2.22]), even in the absence of type 2 diabetes development (1.55 [1.15–2.10] and 1.56 [1.13–2.16], respectively). Continuous glycemic measures in pregnancy were significantly associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias, independent of pregnancy lipids and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Pregnancy glycemia was associated with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later, independent of pregnancy lipid levels and in the absence of type 2 diabetes development. Lipid screening after GDM deserves special consideration.

AB - Aims: To examine associations of pregnancy glycemia with future dyslipidemia. Methods: We analyzed data from Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-Up Study participants. We examined associations of gestational diabetes (GDM), sum of fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour glucose z-scores after 75-g load, insulin sensitivity, and lipid levels at 24–32 weeks’ gestation with dyslipidemia 10–14 years postpartum. Results: Among 4,693 women, 14.3% had GDM. At follow-up, mean (SD) age was 41.7 (5.7) years, 32.3% had total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.17, 27.2% had HDL cholesterol < 1.29, 22.4% had LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 3.36, 10.9% had triglycerides ≥ 1.69 mmol/L, and 2.9% had type 2 diabetes. After covariate adjustment, pregnancy glycemic measures were associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias. After additional adjustment for pregnancy lipids, GDM remained associated with TC ≥ 5.17 mmol/L (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.63 [1.22–2.18]) and LDL-C ≥ 3.36 mmol/L (1.63 [1.20–2.22]), even in the absence of type 2 diabetes development (1.55 [1.15–2.10] and 1.56 [1.13–2.16], respectively). Continuous glycemic measures in pregnancy were significantly associated with all follow-up dyslipidemias, independent of pregnancy lipids and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Pregnancy glycemia was associated with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later, independent of pregnancy lipid levels and in the absence of type 2 diabetes development. Lipid screening after GDM deserves special consideration.

KW - Diabetes

KW - Lipids

KW - Pregnancy

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Associations of glycemia and lipid levels in pregnancy with dyslipidemia 10–14 years later: The HAPO follow-up study

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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