Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States

Sabriya L. Linton; Hannah L F Cooper; Mary E. Kelley; Conny C. Karnes; Zev Ross; Mary E. Wolfe; Yen Tyng Chen; Samuel R. Friedman; Don Des Jarlais; Salaam Semaan; Barbara Tempalski; Catlainn Sionean; Elizabeth DiNenno; Cyprian Wejnert; Gabriela Paz-Bailey; Jennifer Taussig; Shacara Johnson; Jeff Todd; Colin Flynn; Danielle German; Debbie Isenberg; Maura Driscoll; Elizabeth Hurwitz; Nikhil Prachand; Nanette Benbow; Sharon Melville; Richard Yeager; Jim Dyer; Alicia Novoa; Mark Thrun; Alia Al-Tayyib; Emily Higgins; Eve Mokotoff; Vivian Griffin; Aaron Sayegh; Jan Risser; Hafeez Rehman; Trista Bingham; Ekow Kwa Sey; Lisa Metsch; David Forrest; Dano Beck; Gabriel Cardenas; Chris Nemeth; Lou Smith; Carol Ann Watson; William T. Robinson; De Ann Gruber; Narquis Barak; Alan Neaigus; National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States

Sabriya L. Linton^*, Hannah L F Cooper, Mary E. Kelley, Conny C. Karnes, Zev Ross, Mary E. Wolfe, Yen Tyng Chen, Samuel R. Friedman, Don Des Jarlais, Salaam Semaan, Barbara Tempalski, Catlainn Sionean, Elizabeth DiNenno, Cyprian Wejnert, Gabriela Paz-Bailey, Jennifer Taussig, Shacara Johnson, Jeff Todd, Colin Flynn, Danielle GermanDebbie Isenberg, Maura Driscoll, Elizabeth Hurwitz, Nikhil Prachand, Nanette Benbow, Sharon Melville, Richard Yeager, Jim Dyer, Alicia Novoa, Mark Thrun, Alia Al-Tayyib, Emily Higgins, Eve Mokotoff, Vivian Griffin, Aaron Sayegh, Jan Risser, Hafeez Rehman, Trista Bingham, Ekow Kwa Sey, Lisa Metsch, David Forrest, Dano Beck, Gabriel Cardenas, Chris Nemeth, Lou Smith, Carol Ann Watson, William T. Robinson, De Ann Gruber, Narquis Barak, Alan Neaigus, National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group

^*Corresponding author for this work

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose Investigate whether characteristics of geographic areas are associated with condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. Methods PWID were recruited from 19 metropolitan statistical areas for 2009 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Administrative data described ZIP codes, counties, and metropolitan statistical areas where PWID lived. Multilevel models, stratified by racial/ethnic groups, were used to assess relationships of place-based characteristics to condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior (sharing injection equipment). Results Among black PWID, living in the South (vs. Northeast) was associated with injection-related risk behavior (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–4.17; P =.011), and living in counties with higher percentages of unaffordable rental housing was associated with condomless sex (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04; P =.046). Among white PWID, living in ZIP codes with greater access to drug treatment was negatively associated with condomless sex (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00; P =.038). Conclusions Policies that increase access to affordable housing and drug treatment may make environments more conducive to safe sexual behaviors among black and white PWID. Future research designed to longitudinally explore the association between residence in the south and injection-related risk behavior might identify specific place-based features that sustain patterns of injection-related risk behavior.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	619-630.e2
Journal	Annals of Epidemiology
Volume	26
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012
State	Published - Sep 1 2016

Keywords

Condom use
Drug treatment
HCV
HIV
Housing
Injection drug use
PWID

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Epidemiology

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

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Linton, S. L., Cooper, H. L. F., Kelley, M. E., Karnes, C. C., Ross, Z., Wolfe, M. E., Chen, Y. T., Friedman, S. R., Des Jarlais, D., Semaan, S., Tempalski, B., Sionean, C., DiNenno, E., Wejnert, C., Paz-Bailey, G., Taussig, J., Johnson, S., Todd, J., Flynn, C., ... National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group (2016). Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States. Annals of Epidemiology, 26(9), 619-630.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

@article{42f80468aa9341ca976f242a8568104a,

title = "Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States",

abstract = "Purpose Investigate whether characteristics of geographic areas are associated with condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. Methods PWID were recruited from 19 metropolitan statistical areas for 2009 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Administrative data described ZIP codes, counties, and metropolitan statistical areas where PWID lived. Multilevel models, stratified by racial/ethnic groups, were used to assess relationships of place-based characteristics to condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior (sharing injection equipment). Results Among black PWID, living in the South (vs. Northeast) was associated with injection-related risk behavior (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–4.17; P =.011), and living in counties with higher percentages of unaffordable rental housing was associated with condomless sex (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04; P =.046). Among white PWID, living in ZIP codes with greater access to drug treatment was negatively associated with condomless sex (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00; P =.038). Conclusions Policies that increase access to affordable housing and drug treatment may make environments more conducive to safe sexual behaviors among black and white PWID. Future research designed to longitudinally explore the association between residence in the south and injection-related risk behavior might identify specific place-based features that sustain patterns of injection-related risk behavior.",

keywords = "Condom use, Drug treatment, HCV, HIV, Housing, Injection drug use, PWID",

author = "Linton, {Sabriya L.} and Cooper, {Hannah L F} and Kelley, {Mary E.} and Karnes, {Conny C.} and Zev Ross and Wolfe, {Mary E.} and Chen, {Yen Tyng} and Friedman, {Samuel R.} and {Des Jarlais}, Don and Salaam Semaan and Barbara Tempalski and Catlainn Sionean and Elizabeth DiNenno and Cyprian Wejnert and Gabriela Paz-Bailey and Jennifer Taussig and Shacara Johnson and Jeff Todd and Colin Flynn and Danielle German and Debbie Isenberg and Maura Driscoll and Elizabeth Hurwitz and Nikhil Prachand and Nanette Benbow and Sharon Melville and Richard Yeager and Jim Dyer and Alicia Novoa and Mark Thrun and Alia Al-Tayyib and Emily Higgins and Eve Mokotoff and Vivian Griffin and Aaron Sayegh and Jan Risser and Hafeez Rehman and Trista Bingham and Sey, {Ekow Kwa} and Lisa Metsch and David Forrest and Dano Beck and Gabriel Cardenas and Chris Nemeth and Lou Smith and Watson, {Carol Ann} and Robinson, {William T.} and Gruber, {De Ann} and Narquis Barak and Alan Neaigus and {National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group}",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by two grants from the National Institutes of Health : “Place Characteristics & Disparities in HIV in IDUS: A Multilevel Analysis of NHBS” ( DA035101 ; Cooper, PI) and the Emory Center for AIDS Research ( P30 AI050409 ; Curran, PI). It was also supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System Study Group : Atlanta, GA: Jennifer Taussig, Shacara Johnson, Jeff Todd; Baltimore, MD: Colin Flynn, Danielle German; Boston, MA: Debbie Isenberg, Maura Driscoll, Elizabeth Hurwitz; Chicago, IL: Nikhil Prachand, Nanette Benbow; Dallas, TX: Sharon Melville, Richard Yeager, Jim Dyer, Alicia Novoa; Denver, CO: Mark Thrun, Alia Al-Tayyib; Detroit, MI: Emily Higgins, Eve Mokotoff, Vivian Griffin; Houston, TX: Aaron Sayegh, Jan Risser, Hafeez Rehman; Los Angeles, CA: Trista Bingham, Ekow Kwa Sey; Miami, FL: Lisa Metsch, David Forrest, Dano Beck, Gabriel Cardenas; Nassau-Suffolk, NY: Chris Nemeth, Lou Smith, Carol-Ann Watson; New Orleans, LA: William T. Robinson, DeAnn Gruber, Narquis Barak; New York City, NY: Alan Neaigus, Samuel Jenness, Travis Wendel, Camila Gelpi-Acosta, Holly Hagan; Newark, NJ: Henry Godette, Barbara Bolden, Sally D'Errico; Philadelphia, PA: Kathleen A. Brady, Althea Kirkland, Mark Shpaner; San Diego, CA: Vanessa Miguelino-Keasling, Al Velasco; San Francisco, CA: H. Fisher Raymond; San Juan, PR: Sandra Miranda De Leo'n, Yadira Rolo'n-Colo'n; Seattle, WA: Maria Courogen, Hanne Thiede, Richard Burt; St Louis, MO: Michael Herbert, Yelena Friedberg, Dale Wrigley, Jacob Fisher; Washington, DC: Marie Sansone, Tiffany West-Ojo, Manya Magnus, Irene Kuo; Behavioral Surveillance Team. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2016",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "26",

pages = "619--630.e2",

journal = "Annals of Epidemiology",

issn = "1047-2797",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "9",

}

Linton, SL, Cooper, HLF, Kelley, ME, Karnes, CC, Ross, Z, Wolfe, ME, Chen, YT, Friedman, SR, Des Jarlais, D, Semaan, S, Tempalski, B, Sionean, C, DiNenno, E, Wejnert, C, Paz-Bailey, G, Taussig, J, Johnson, S, Todd, J, Flynn, C, German, D, Isenberg, D, Driscoll, M, Hurwitz, E, Prachand, N, Benbow, N, Melville, S, Yeager, R, Dyer, J, Novoa, A, Thrun, M, Al-Tayyib, A, Higgins, E, Mokotoff, E, Griffin, V, Sayegh, A, Risser, J, Rehman, H, Bingham, T, Sey, EK, Metsch, L, Forrest, D, Beck, D, Cardenas, G, Nemeth, C, Smith, L, Watson, CA, Robinson, WT, Gruber, DA, Barak, N, Neaigus, A & National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group 2016, 'Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States', Annals of Epidemiology, vol. 26, no. 9, pp. 619-630.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States

AU - Linton, Sabriya L.

AU - Cooper, Hannah L F

AU - Kelley, Mary E.

AU - Karnes, Conny C.

AU - Ross, Zev

AU - Wolfe, Mary E.

AU - Chen, Yen Tyng

AU - Friedman, Samuel R.

AU - Des Jarlais, Don

AU - Semaan, Salaam

AU - Tempalski, Barbara

AU - Sionean, Catlainn

AU - DiNenno, Elizabeth

AU - Wejnert, Cyprian

AU - Paz-Bailey, Gabriela

AU - Taussig, Jennifer

AU - Johnson, Shacara

AU - Todd, Jeff

AU - Flynn, Colin

AU - German, Danielle

AU - Isenberg, Debbie

AU - Driscoll, Maura

AU - Hurwitz, Elizabeth

AU - Prachand, Nikhil

AU - Benbow, Nanette

AU - Melville, Sharon

AU - Yeager, Richard

AU - Dyer, Jim

AU - Novoa, Alicia

AU - Thrun, Mark

AU - Al-Tayyib, Alia

AU - Higgins, Emily

AU - Mokotoff, Eve

AU - Griffin, Vivian

AU - Sayegh, Aaron

AU - Risser, Jan

AU - Rehman, Hafeez

AU - Bingham, Trista

AU - Sey, Ekow Kwa

AU - Metsch, Lisa

AU - Forrest, David

AU - Beck, Dano

AU - Cardenas, Gabriel

AU - Nemeth, Chris

AU - Smith, Lou

AU - Watson, Carol Ann

AU - Robinson, William T.

AU - Gruber, De Ann

AU - Barak, Narquis

AU - Neaigus, Alan

AU - National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by two grants from the National Institutes of Health : “Place Characteristics & Disparities in HIV in IDUS: A Multilevel Analysis of NHBS” ( DA035101 ; Cooper, PI) and the Emory Center for AIDS Research ( P30 AI050409 ; Curran, PI). It was also supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System Study Group : Atlanta, GA: Jennifer Taussig, Shacara Johnson, Jeff Todd; Baltimore, MD: Colin Flynn, Danielle German; Boston, MA: Debbie Isenberg, Maura Driscoll, Elizabeth Hurwitz; Chicago, IL: Nikhil Prachand, Nanette Benbow; Dallas, TX: Sharon Melville, Richard Yeager, Jim Dyer, Alicia Novoa; Denver, CO: Mark Thrun, Alia Al-Tayyib; Detroit, MI: Emily Higgins, Eve Mokotoff, Vivian Griffin; Houston, TX: Aaron Sayegh, Jan Risser, Hafeez Rehman; Los Angeles, CA: Trista Bingham, Ekow Kwa Sey; Miami, FL: Lisa Metsch, David Forrest, Dano Beck, Gabriel Cardenas; Nassau-Suffolk, NY: Chris Nemeth, Lou Smith, Carol-Ann Watson; New Orleans, LA: William T. Robinson, DeAnn Gruber, Narquis Barak; New York City, NY: Alan Neaigus, Samuel Jenness, Travis Wendel, Camila Gelpi-Acosta, Holly Hagan; Newark, NJ: Henry Godette, Barbara Bolden, Sally D'Errico; Philadelphia, PA: Kathleen A. Brady, Althea Kirkland, Mark Shpaner; San Diego, CA: Vanessa Miguelino-Keasling, Al Velasco; San Francisco, CA: H. Fisher Raymond; San Juan, PR: Sandra Miranda De Leo'n, Yadira Rolo'n-Colo'n; Seattle, WA: Maria Courogen, Hanne Thiede, Richard Burt; St Louis, MO: Michael Herbert, Yelena Friedberg, Dale Wrigley, Jacob Fisher; Washington, DC: Marie Sansone, Tiffany West-Ojo, Manya Magnus, Irene Kuo; Behavioral Surveillance Team. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 Elsevier Inc.

PY - 2016/9/1

Y1 - 2016/9/1

N2 - Purpose Investigate whether characteristics of geographic areas are associated with condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. Methods PWID were recruited from 19 metropolitan statistical areas for 2009 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Administrative data described ZIP codes, counties, and metropolitan statistical areas where PWID lived. Multilevel models, stratified by racial/ethnic groups, were used to assess relationships of place-based characteristics to condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior (sharing injection equipment). Results Among black PWID, living in the South (vs. Northeast) was associated with injection-related risk behavior (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–4.17; P =.011), and living in counties with higher percentages of unaffordable rental housing was associated with condomless sex (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04; P =.046). Among white PWID, living in ZIP codes with greater access to drug treatment was negatively associated with condomless sex (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00; P =.038). Conclusions Policies that increase access to affordable housing and drug treatment may make environments more conducive to safe sexual behaviors among black and white PWID. Future research designed to longitudinally explore the association between residence in the south and injection-related risk behavior might identify specific place-based features that sustain patterns of injection-related risk behavior.

AB - Purpose Investigate whether characteristics of geographic areas are associated with condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs (PWID) in the United States. Methods PWID were recruited from 19 metropolitan statistical areas for 2009 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance. Administrative data described ZIP codes, counties, and metropolitan statistical areas where PWID lived. Multilevel models, stratified by racial/ethnic groups, were used to assess relationships of place-based characteristics to condomless sex and injection-related risk behavior (sharing injection equipment). Results Among black PWID, living in the South (vs. Northeast) was associated with injection-related risk behavior (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–4.17; P =.011), and living in counties with higher percentages of unaffordable rental housing was associated with condomless sex (AOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04; P =.046). Among white PWID, living in ZIP codes with greater access to drug treatment was negatively associated with condomless sex (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00; P =.038). Conclusions Policies that increase access to affordable housing and drug treatment may make environments more conducive to safe sexual behaviors among black and white PWID. Future research designed to longitudinally explore the association between residence in the south and injection-related risk behavior might identify specific place-based features that sustain patterns of injection-related risk behavior.

KW - Condom use

KW - Drug treatment

KW - HCV

KW - HIV

KW - Housing

KW - Injection drug use

KW - PWID

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84991702119&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.012

M3 - Article

C2 - 27576908

AN - SCOPUS:84991702119

SN - 1047-2797

VL - 26

SP - 619-630.e2

JO - Annals of Epidemiology

JF - Annals of Epidemiology

IS - 9

ER -

Associations of place characteristics with HIV and HCV risk behaviors among racial/ethnic groups of people who inject drugs in the United States

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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