Asthma deaths confounded by substance abuse: An assessment of fatal asthma

Toby Levenson*, Paul Allen Greenberger, Edmund R. Donoghue, Barry D. Lifschultz

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

64 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The Chicago region has been identified as having a very high death rate from asthma in patients aged 5 to 34 years. We investigated circumstances surrounding the fatal attack to determine whether the death was from asthma, of indeterminate cause, or coincidental to asthma. Methods: Cases of asthma deaths from the Office of the Medical Examiner, where the deceased were younger than 46 years of age, were used to determine clinical, toxicologic, and pathologic findings relevant to asthma. Toxicologic results were compared with homicide victims. Results: From 102 cases of fatal asthma, 46 cases were classified as deaths from asthma and 17 cases were considered probably from asthma as toxicologic tests were negative. Twenty-three cases were of indeterminate cause in that the acute respiratory symptoms were accompanied by substance use or alcohol consumption. Fourteen cases were not caused by asthma but were substance related, primarily cocaine. Overall, 29 of 92 (31.5%) cases were confounded by substance abuse or alcohol ingestion, which is almost an high as in homicide victims (38/82 [46.3%]). Mucus plugging of bronchi and or hyperinflation in fatal asthma occurred in 65 of 93 (69.9%) cases. Anti-inflammatory medications were being utilized by just two patients. Sufficient information was available to identify potentially fatal asthma in 6 of 20 cases (30%). Conclusion: Some of the reported rise in asthma deaths is a reflection of substance use or alcohol consumption similar to that seen in victims of homicide. In that patients with asthma are hypersensitive to α-adrenergic agonists, the use of cocaine may be especially dangerous and induce fatal ventricular dysrhythmias.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)604-610
Number of pages7
JournalCHEST
Volume110
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 1996

Keywords

  • asthma
  • fatalities
  • substance abuse

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
  • Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Asthma deaths confounded by substance abuse: An assessment of fatal asthma'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this