Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

Ya Kun Wang; Haoyue Wan; Jian Xu; Yun Zhong; Eui Dae Jung; So Min Park; Sam Teale; Muhammad Imran; You Jun Yu; Pan Xia; Yu Ho Won; Kwang Hee Kim; Zheng Hong Lu; Liang Sheng Liao; Sjoerd Hoogland; Edward H. Sargent

doi:10.1021/jacs.2c13677

Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

Ya Kun Wang, Haoyue Wan, Jian Xu, Yun Zhong, Eui Dae Jung, So Min Park, Sam Teale, Muhammad Imran, You Jun Yu, Pan Xia, Yu Ho Won, Kwang Hee Kim, Zheng Hong Lu, Liang Sheng Liao, Sjoerd Hoogland, Edward H. Sargent^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots have enabled light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are heavy-metal-free, narrow in emission linewidth, and physically flexible. However, ZnO/ZnMgO, the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in high-performance red InP/ZnSe/ZnS LEDs, suffers from high defect densities, quenches luminescence when deposited on InP, and induces performance degradation that arises due to trap migration from the ETL to the InP emitting layer. We posited that the formation of Zn²⁺ traps on the outer ZnS shell, combined with sulfur and oxygen vacancy migration between ZnO/ZnMgO and InP, may account for this issue. We synthesized therefore a bifunctional ETL (CNT2T, 3′,3′″,3′″″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbonitrile)) designed to passivate Zn²⁺ traps locally and in situ and to prevent vacancy migration between layers: the backbone of the small molecule ETL contains a triazine electron-withdrawing unit to ensure sufficient electron mobility (6 × 10^-4 cm² V^-1 s^-1), and the star-shaped structure with multiple cyano groups provides effective passivation of the ZnS surface. We report as a result red InP LEDs having an EQE of 15% and a luminance of over 12,000 cd m^-2; this represents a record among organic-ETL-based red InP LEDs.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	6428-6433
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of the American Chemical Society
Volume	145
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c13677
State	Published - Mar 22 2023

Funding

This work was supported by Samsung Electronics Co. (MRA 211815). We acknowledge financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 62205230, 51821002, 91733301), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021TQ0230, 2021M690114), and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology. Computations were performed on the Niagara supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Government of Ontario, and the University of Toronto.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Catalysis
General Chemistry
Biochemistry
Colloid and Surface Chemistry

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10.1021/jacs.2c13677

Cite this

Wang, Y. K., Wan, H., Xu, J., Zhong, Y., Jung, E. D., Park, S. M., Teale, S., Imran, M., Yu, Y. J., Xia, P., Won, Y. H., Kim, K. H., Lu, Z. H., Liao, L. S., Hoogland, S., & Sargent, E. H. (2023). Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 145(11), 6428-6433. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c13677

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title = "Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes",

abstract = "Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots have enabled light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are heavy-metal-free, narrow in emission linewidth, and physically flexible. However, ZnO/ZnMgO, the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in high-performance red InP/ZnSe/ZnS LEDs, suffers from high defect densities, quenches luminescence when deposited on InP, and induces performance degradation that arises due to trap migration from the ETL to the InP emitting layer. We posited that the formation of Zn2+ traps on the outer ZnS shell, combined with sulfur and oxygen vacancy migration between ZnO/ZnMgO and InP, may account for this issue. We synthesized therefore a bifunctional ETL (CNT2T, 3′,3′″,3′″″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbonitrile)) designed to passivate Zn2+ traps locally and in situ and to prevent vacancy migration between layers: the backbone of the small molecule ETL contains a triazine electron-withdrawing unit to ensure sufficient electron mobility (6 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1), and the star-shaped structure with multiple cyano groups provides effective passivation of the ZnS surface. We report as a result red InP LEDs having an EQE of 15% and a luminance of over 12,000 cd m-2; this represents a record among organic-ETL-based red InP LEDs.",

author = "Wang, {Ya Kun} and Haoyue Wan and Jian Xu and Yun Zhong and Jung, {Eui Dae} and Park, {So Min} and Sam Teale and Muhammad Imran and Yu, {You Jun} and Pan Xia and Won, {Yu Ho} and Kim, {Kwang Hee} and Lu, {Zheng Hong} and Liao, {Liang Sheng} and Sjoerd Hoogland and Sargent, {Edward H.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by Samsung Electronics Co. (MRA 211815). We acknowledge financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 62205230, 51821002, 91733301), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021TQ0230, 2021M690114), and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology. Computations were performed on the Niagara supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Government of Ontario, and the University of Toronto. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 American Chemical Society.",

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doi = "10.1021/jacs.2c13677",

language = "English (US)",

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T1 - Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

AU - Wang, Ya Kun

AU - Wan, Haoyue

AU - Xu, Jian

AU - Zhong, Yun

AU - Jung, Eui Dae

AU - Park, So Min

AU - Teale, Sam

AU - Imran, Muhammad

AU - Yu, You Jun

AU - Xia, Pan

AU - Won, Yu Ho

AU - Kim, Kwang Hee

AU - Lu, Zheng Hong

AU - Liao, Liang Sheng

AU - Hoogland, Sjoerd

AU - Sargent, Edward H.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by Samsung Electronics Co. (MRA 211815). We acknowledge financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 62205230, 51821002, 91733301), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021TQ0230, 2021M690114), and the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology. Computations were performed on the Niagara supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Government of Ontario, and the University of Toronto. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 American Chemical Society.

PY - 2023/3/22

Y1 - 2023/3/22

N2 - Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots have enabled light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are heavy-metal-free, narrow in emission linewidth, and physically flexible. However, ZnO/ZnMgO, the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in high-performance red InP/ZnSe/ZnS LEDs, suffers from high defect densities, quenches luminescence when deposited on InP, and induces performance degradation that arises due to trap migration from the ETL to the InP emitting layer. We posited that the formation of Zn2+ traps on the outer ZnS shell, combined with sulfur and oxygen vacancy migration between ZnO/ZnMgO and InP, may account for this issue. We synthesized therefore a bifunctional ETL (CNT2T, 3′,3′″,3′″″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbonitrile)) designed to passivate Zn2+ traps locally and in situ and to prevent vacancy migration between layers: the backbone of the small molecule ETL contains a triazine electron-withdrawing unit to ensure sufficient electron mobility (6 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1), and the star-shaped structure with multiple cyano groups provides effective passivation of the ZnS surface. We report as a result red InP LEDs having an EQE of 15% and a luminance of over 12,000 cd m-2; this represents a record among organic-ETL-based red InP LEDs.

AB - Indium phosphide (InP) quantum dots have enabled light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that are heavy-metal-free, narrow in emission linewidth, and physically flexible. However, ZnO/ZnMgO, the electron-transporting layer (ETL) in high-performance red InP/ZnSe/ZnS LEDs, suffers from high defect densities, quenches luminescence when deposited on InP, and induces performance degradation that arises due to trap migration from the ETL to the InP emitting layer. We posited that the formation of Zn2+ traps on the outer ZnS shell, combined with sulfur and oxygen vacancy migration between ZnO/ZnMgO and InP, may account for this issue. We synthesized therefore a bifunctional ETL (CNT2T, 3′,3′″,3′″″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3-carbonitrile)) designed to passivate Zn2+ traps locally and in situ and to prevent vacancy migration between layers: the backbone of the small molecule ETL contains a triazine electron-withdrawing unit to ensure sufficient electron mobility (6 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1), and the star-shaped structure with multiple cyano groups provides effective passivation of the ZnS surface. We report as a result red InP LEDs having an EQE of 15% and a luminance of over 12,000 cd m-2; this represents a record among organic-ETL-based red InP LEDs.

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Bifunctional Electron-Transporting Agent for Red Colloidal Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

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