Biomass and biofuel supply chain modeling and optimization

This chapter describes the key opportunities and challenges in modeling and optimization of the biomass and biofuel supply chain (BSC). It demonstrates the necessity and advantages of BSC modeling and optimization. Critical components of the BSC are presented, along with a comprehensive analysis of the uniqueness of the BSC. This chapter outlines the potential impacts of the BSC to the economy, environment, and society and portrays the design of a sustainable BSC. An overview of the existing methodologies for BSC modeling and optimization is presented with the focus on advanced mathematical programming tools. It covers superstructure optimization, life cycle optimization, and multiscale modeling. Challenges in both modeling and computation are identified, which call for cross-field collaboration and progress in optimization algorithms. Perspectives on the future development in BSC modeling and optimization are also presented.