Calculating the Raman and HyperRaman Spectra of Large Molecules and Molecules Interacting with Nanoparticles

This chapter describes calculations of the Raman and hyperRaman spectra of large molecules and molecules interacting with nanoparticles using time-dependent density functional theory with the Amsterdam density functional (ADF) program package. The ADF code uses Slater basis functions, which provides a very efficient basis set for optical property calculations using density functional theory (DFT). In addition, ADF has special capabilities for determining resonant Raman spectra, which is enabled by the inclusion of excited-state lifetimes in the calculations, and therefore polarizabilities and polarizability derivatives for wavelengths close to resonance can be determined. Specific details of the theory are described, and examples of applications to pyridine (for nonresonant properties) and uracil (for resonant properties) are provided.