Abstract
Premise of research. To safeguard threatened plant species, best-practice guidelines and genetic modeling emphasize that ex situ collections should be composed of high numbers of maternal lines. Threatened species often present challenges to meeting this standard due to biology or logistics. An approach that pools garden collections into a single larger metacollection may be more effective at capturing genetic diversity. This study examines the genetic capture of a metacollection and compares this with an idealized model for ex situ sampling. Methodology. The model species, Pseudophoenix ekmanii (cacheo palm), was chosen for its threat status, presence in collections, and reproductive limitations. In total, 171 in situ plants were compared with 91 ex situ plants via 10 microsatellite markers. Three cohorts representing both legacy (older) collections and a deliberately structured (recent) conservation collection were pooled and compared. Bootstrapped resampling of these ex situ cohorts was compared with resamples of in situ genotypes to evaluate the collection compared with idealized models of allele capture. Pivotal results. Genetic distance analysis and fixation indexes show weak geographic structure of ex situ collections compared with in situ subpopulations and their close identity to the source population. Pooling together ex situ collections increased allele capture and increased efficiency of allele capture. Modeled allele capture from in situ genotypes exceeded allele capture currently found in ex situ collections. Conclusions. These data demonstrate that botanic gardens may better conserve genetic diversity of in situ plants by following three recommendations: (1) pool ex situ resources into metacollections, (2) share data to better inform new collections, and (3) emphasize logistic and biological parameters of the target species over idealized models for ex situ conservation.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 485-496 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | International Journal of Plant Sciences |
Volume | 181 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 1 2020 |
Funding
This project was supported by a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS; MG-30-16-0085-16). In addition to major support from IMLS, we are grateful to the following funders of this project’s fieldwork, conservation, and outreach: The City of Coral Gables, Florida; the Garden Club of America; the Plant Exploration Fund; and the International Palm Society, in addition to the authors’ institutions. Living collections at MBC are also supported by awards from the National Science Foundation (DBI 1203242, 1561346, and 1762781). This work relied on Botanic Gardens Conservation International’s PlantSearch database for global collections information. The following people also contributed to this work: TaylorCallicrate, Michael Calonje, Lemuel Familia, Javier Francisco-Ortega, Robert Lacy, Jose Manuel, Vickie Murphy, Larry Noblick, Joanna Tucker Lima, and Jordan Wood.
Keywords
- Cacheo palm
- Conservation genetics
- Ex situ conservation
- Living collections
- Metacollection
- Microsatellite
- Pseudophoenix ekmanii
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
- Plant Science