CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation

Brian Suchy; Souradip Ghosh; Drew Kersnar; Siyuan Chai; Zhen Huang; Aaron Nelson; Michael Cuevas; Alex Bernat; Gaurav Chaudhary; Nikos Hardavellas; Simone Campanoni; Peter Dinda

doi:10.1145/3503222.3507771

CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation

Brian Suchy, Souradip Ghosh, Drew Kersnar, Siyuan Chai, Zhen Huang, Aaron Nelson, Michael Cuevas, Alex Bernat, Gaurav Chaudhary, Nikos Hardavellas, Simone Campanoni, Peter Dinda

Computer Science

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Virtual memory, specifically paging, is undergoing significant innovation due to being challenged by new demands from modern workloads. Recent work has demonstrated an alternative software only design that can result in simplified hardware requirements, even supporting purely physical addressing. While we have made the case for this Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation (CARAT) concept, its evaluation was based on a user-level prototype. We now report on incorporating CARAT into a kernel, forming Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation for CollAborative Kernel Environments (CARAT CAKE). In our implementation, a Linux-compatible x64 process abstraction can be based either on CARAT CAKE, or on a sophisticated paging implementation. Implementing CARAT CAKE involves kernel changes and compiler optimizations/transformations that must work on all code in the system, including kernel code. We evaluate CARAT CAKE in comparison with paging and find that CARAT CAKE is able to achieve the functionality of paging (protection, mapping, and movement properties) with minimal overhead. In turn, CARAT CAKE allows significant new benefits for systems including energy savings, larger L1 caches, and arbitrary granularity memory management.

Original language	English (US)
Title of host publication	ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems
Editors	Babak Falsafi, Michael Ferdman, Shan Lu, Thomas F. Wenisch
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery
Pages	98-114
Number of pages	17
ISBN (Electronic)	9781450392051
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507771
State	Published - Feb 28 2022
Event	27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2022 - Virtual, Online, Switzerland Duration: Feb 28 2022 → Mar 4 2022

Publication series

Name	International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS

Conference

Conference	27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2022
Country/Territory	Switzerland
City	Virtual, Online
Period	2/28/22 → 3/4/22

Funding

This project was supported by the United States National Science Foundation via grants 1763743. 1908488, 2028851, 2119069.

Keywords

kernel
memory management
runtime
virtual memory

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Software
Information Systems
Hardware and Architecture

Access to Document

10.1145/3503222.3507771

Cite this

Suchy, B., Ghosh, S., Kersnar, D., Chai, S., Huang, Z., Nelson, A., Cuevas, M., Bernat, A., Chaudhary, G., Hardavellas, N., Campanoni, S., & Dinda, P. (2022). CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation. In B. Falsafi, M. Ferdman, S. Lu, & T. F. Wenisch (Eds.), ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (pp. 98-114). (International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507771

Suchy, Brian ; Ghosh, Souradip ; Kersnar, Drew et al. / CARAT CAKE : Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation. ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. editor / Babak Falsafi ; Michael Ferdman ; Shan Lu ; Thomas F. Wenisch. Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. pp. 98-114 (International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS).

@inproceedings{76053caf2b504df391820d7be17d0175,

title = "CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation",

abstract = "Virtual memory, specifically paging, is undergoing significant innovation due to being challenged by new demands from modern workloads. Recent work has demonstrated an alternative software only design that can result in simplified hardware requirements, even supporting purely physical addressing. While we have made the case for this Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation (CARAT) concept, its evaluation was based on a user-level prototype. We now report on incorporating CARAT into a kernel, forming Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation for CollAborative Kernel Environments (CARAT CAKE). In our implementation, a Linux-compatible x64 process abstraction can be based either on CARAT CAKE, or on a sophisticated paging implementation. Implementing CARAT CAKE involves kernel changes and compiler optimizations/transformations that must work on all code in the system, including kernel code. We evaluate CARAT CAKE in comparison with paging and find that CARAT CAKE is able to achieve the functionality of paging (protection, mapping, and movement properties) with minimal overhead. In turn, CARAT CAKE allows significant new benefits for systems including energy savings, larger L1 caches, and arbitrary granularity memory management.",

keywords = "kernel, memory management, runtime, virtual memory",

author = "Brian Suchy and Souradip Ghosh and Drew Kersnar and Siyuan Chai and Zhen Huang and Aaron Nelson and Michael Cuevas and Alex Bernat and Gaurav Chaudhary and Nikos Hardavellas and Simone Campanoni and Peter Dinda",

note = "Funding Information: This project was supported by the United States National Science Foundation via grants 1763743. 1908488, 2028851, 2119069. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 ACM.; 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2022 ; Conference date: 28-02-2022 Through 04-03-2022",

year = "2022",

month = feb,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1145/3503222.3507771",

language = "English (US)",

series = "International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS",

publisher = "Association for Computing Machinery",

pages = "98--114",

editor = "Babak Falsafi and Michael Ferdman and Shan Lu and Wenisch, {Thomas F.}",

booktitle = "ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems",

}

Suchy, B, Ghosh, S, Kersnar, D, Chai, S, Huang, Z, Nelson, A, Cuevas, M, Bernat, A, Chaudhary, G, Hardavellas, N , Campanoni, S & Dinda, P 2022, CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation. in B Falsafi, M Ferdman, S Lu & TF Wenisch (eds), ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS, Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 98-114, 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2022, Virtual, Online, Switzerland, 2/28/22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3503222.3507771

CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation. / Suchy, Brian; Ghosh, Souradip; Kersnar, Drew et al.
ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. ed. / Babak Falsafi; Michael Ferdman; Shan Lu; Thomas F. Wenisch. Association for Computing Machinery, 2022. p. 98-114 (International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - CARAT CAKE

T2 - 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2022

AU - Suchy, Brian

AU - Ghosh, Souradip

AU - Kersnar, Drew

AU - Chai, Siyuan

AU - Huang, Zhen

AU - Nelson, Aaron

AU - Cuevas, Michael

AU - Bernat, Alex

AU - Chaudhary, Gaurav

AU - Hardavellas, Nikos

AU - Campanoni, Simone

AU - Dinda, Peter

PY - 2022/2/28

Y1 - 2022/2/28

N2 - Virtual memory, specifically paging, is undergoing significant innovation due to being challenged by new demands from modern workloads. Recent work has demonstrated an alternative software only design that can result in simplified hardware requirements, even supporting purely physical addressing. While we have made the case for this Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation (CARAT) concept, its evaluation was based on a user-level prototype. We now report on incorporating CARAT into a kernel, forming Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation for CollAborative Kernel Environments (CARAT CAKE). In our implementation, a Linux-compatible x64 process abstraction can be based either on CARAT CAKE, or on a sophisticated paging implementation. Implementing CARAT CAKE involves kernel changes and compiler optimizations/transformations that must work on all code in the system, including kernel code. We evaluate CARAT CAKE in comparison with paging and find that CARAT CAKE is able to achieve the functionality of paging (protection, mapping, and movement properties) with minimal overhead. In turn, CARAT CAKE allows significant new benefits for systems including energy savings, larger L1 caches, and arbitrary granularity memory management.

AB - Virtual memory, specifically paging, is undergoing significant innovation due to being challenged by new demands from modern workloads. Recent work has demonstrated an alternative software only design that can result in simplified hardware requirements, even supporting purely physical addressing. While we have made the case for this Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation (CARAT) concept, its evaluation was based on a user-level prototype. We now report on incorporating CARAT into a kernel, forming Compiler-And Runtime-based Address Translation for CollAborative Kernel Environments (CARAT CAKE). In our implementation, a Linux-compatible x64 process abstraction can be based either on CARAT CAKE, or on a sophisticated paging implementation. Implementing CARAT CAKE involves kernel changes and compiler optimizations/transformations that must work on all code in the system, including kernel code. We evaluate CARAT CAKE in comparison with paging and find that CARAT CAKE is able to achieve the functionality of paging (protection, mapping, and movement properties) with minimal overhead. In turn, CARAT CAKE allows significant new benefits for systems including energy savings, larger L1 caches, and arbitrary granularity memory management.

KW - kernel

KW - memory management

KW - runtime

KW - virtual memory

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126395327&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85126395327&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1145/3503222.3507771

DO - 10.1145/3503222.3507771

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:85126395327

T3 - International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS

SP - 98

EP - 114

BT - ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems

A2 - Falsafi, Babak

A2 - Ferdman, Michael

A2 - Lu, Shan

A2 - Wenisch, Thomas F.

PB - Association for Computing Machinery

Y2 - 28 February 2022 through 4 March 2022

ER -

Suchy B, Ghosh S, Kersnar D, Chai S, Huang Z, Nelson A et al. CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation. In Falsafi B, Ferdman M, Lu S, Wenisch TF, editors, ASPLOS 2022 - Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. Association for Computing Machinery. 2022. p. 98-114. (International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems - ASPLOS). doi: 10.1145/3503222.3507771

CARAT CAKE: Replacing Paging via Compiler/Kernel Cooperation

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this