Abstract
Effective combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has enabled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to evolve from a generally fatal condition to a manageable chronic disease. This transition began two decades ago in high-income countries and has more recently begun in lower income, HIV endemic countries (HIV-ECs). With this transition, there has been a concurrent shift in clinical and public health burden from AIDS-related complications and opportunistic infections to those associated with well-controlled HIV disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the current treatment era, traditional CVD risk factors and HIV-related factors both contribute to an elevated risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and arrhythmias. In HIV-ECs, the high prevalence of persons living with HIV and growing prevalence of CVD risk factors will contribute to a growing epidemic of HIV-associated CVD. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications of HIV and the resultant implications for public health efforts in HIV-ECs.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 113 |
Journal | Current Cardiology Reports |
Volume | 18 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 1 2016 |
Funding
Christopher T. Longenecker reports grants from NIH (K23 HL123341). Matthew J. Feinstein reports grants from the American Heart Association (16 FTF 31200010) Christopher T. Longenecker reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences, grants from Bristol Myers-Squibb, and grants from Medtronic Philanthropy.
Keywords
- Cardiovascular epidemiology
- Global health
- HIV
- Health disparities
- Human immunodeficiency virus
- Risk factors
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine