Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Before and After Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Life-Course Analysis in CARDIA Women

Janet M. Catov; Baiyang Sun; Marnie Bertolet; Gabrielle G. Snyder; Cora E. Lewis; Norrina B. Allen; James M. Shikany; Katherine H. Ingram; Duke Appiah; Erica P. Gunderson

doi:10.1002/oby.22848

Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Before and After Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Life-Course Analysis in CARDIA Women

Janet M. Catov^*, Baiyang Sun, Marnie Bertolet, Gabrielle G. Snyder, Cora E. Lewis, Norrina B. Allen, James M. Shikany, Katherine H. Ingram, Duke Appiah, Erica P. Gunderson

^*Corresponding author for this work

Preventive Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: This study hypothesized that both preconception and postchildbearing patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors may be different for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with women without GDM. Methods: Among 1,302 (51% black) women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study with births and followed for 30 years, this study evaluated changes in cardiometabolic factors (BMI, waist circumference [WC], lipids, blood pressure) during prechildbearing (prior to the first postbaseline birth) and postchildbearing periods (after the last birth) by GDM status using piecewise linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, parity, and time-varying covariates. Results: Compared with women who did not develop GDM, weight and WC increases in women who developed GDM (n = 152, 12%) were faster (BMI difference: +0.12 kg/m²/y, P = 0.04; WC difference: +0.28 cm/y, P = 0.04) during the prechildbearing period, accounting for covariates. This translated to an average of 1.3 kg of excess weight gain across 4 years among women with subsequent GDM versus non-GDM births. In contrast, slopes after childbearing did not differ by GDM status, nor were there other cardiometabolic differences. Conclusions: Women with GDM exhibited an increasing prepregnancy pattern of weight gain and central adiposity. Absolute postchildbearing weight was also higher in GDM-affected women, but the slope of gain after GDM was not.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1397-1404
Number of pages	8
Journal	Obesity
Volume	28
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22848
State	Published - Aug 1 2020

Funding

The CARDIA study is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in collaboration with the University of Alabama at Birmingham (HHSN268201800005I and HHSN268201800007I), Northwestern University (HHSN268201800003I), the University of Minnesota (HHSN268201800006I), the Kaiser Foundation Research Institute (HHSN268201800004I), and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) (R01DK106201; EPG, principal investigator [PI]). This manuscript has been reviewed by the CARDIA study for scientific content. Additional data collection and analyses were supported by grants K01 DK059944 (EPG, PI), R01 DK090047 (EPG, PI), and R01 DK106201 (EPG, PI) from the NIDDK. Study materials, data, and samples from the CARDIA study are available at https://www.cardia.dopm.uab.edu/ and through the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC) program at https://biolincc.nhlbi.nih.gov/home/. The original protocol for the study is published in Friedman GD, Cutter GR, Donahue RP, et al. CARDIA: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects. J Clin Epidemiol 1988;41:1105-1116.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology
Nutrition and Dietetics

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10.1002/oby.22848

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title = "Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Before and After Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Life-Course Analysis in CARDIA Women",

abstract = "Objective: This study hypothesized that both preconception and postchildbearing patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors may be different for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with women without GDM. Methods: Among 1,302 (51% black) women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study with births and followed for 30 years, this study evaluated changes in cardiometabolic factors (BMI, waist circumference [WC], lipids, blood pressure) during prechildbearing (prior to the first postbaseline birth) and postchildbearing periods (after the last birth) by GDM status using piecewise linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, parity, and time-varying covariates. Results: Compared with women who did not develop GDM, weight and WC increases in women who developed GDM (n = 152, 12%) were faster (BMI difference: +0.12 kg/m2/y, P = 0.04; WC difference: +0.28 cm/y, P = 0.04) during the prechildbearing period, accounting for covariates. This translated to an average of 1.3 kg of excess weight gain across 4 years among women with subsequent GDM versus non-GDM births. In contrast, slopes after childbearing did not differ by GDM status, nor were there other cardiometabolic differences. Conclusions: Women with GDM exhibited an increasing prepregnancy pattern of weight gain and central adiposity. Absolute postchildbearing weight was also higher in GDM-affected women, but the slope of gain after GDM was not.",

author = "Catov, {Janet M.} and Baiyang Sun and Marnie Bertolet and Snyder, {Gabrielle G.} and Lewis, {Cora E.} and Allen, {Norrina B.} and Shikany, {James M.} and Ingram, {Katherine H.} and Duke Appiah and Gunderson, {Erica P.}",

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doi = "10.1002/oby.22848",

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T2 - A Prospective Life-Course Analysis in CARDIA Women

AU - Catov, Janet M.

AU - Sun, Baiyang

AU - Bertolet, Marnie

AU - Snyder, Gabrielle G.

AU - Lewis, Cora E.

AU - Allen, Norrina B.

AU - Shikany, James M.

AU - Ingram, Katherine H.

AU - Appiah, Duke

AU - Gunderson, Erica P.

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N2 - Objective: This study hypothesized that both preconception and postchildbearing patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors may be different for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with women without GDM. Methods: Among 1,302 (51% black) women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study with births and followed for 30 years, this study evaluated changes in cardiometabolic factors (BMI, waist circumference [WC], lipids, blood pressure) during prechildbearing (prior to the first postbaseline birth) and postchildbearing periods (after the last birth) by GDM status using piecewise linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, parity, and time-varying covariates. Results: Compared with women who did not develop GDM, weight and WC increases in women who developed GDM (n = 152, 12%) were faster (BMI difference: +0.12 kg/m2/y, P = 0.04; WC difference: +0.28 cm/y, P = 0.04) during the prechildbearing period, accounting for covariates. This translated to an average of 1.3 kg of excess weight gain across 4 years among women with subsequent GDM versus non-GDM births. In contrast, slopes after childbearing did not differ by GDM status, nor were there other cardiometabolic differences. Conclusions: Women with GDM exhibited an increasing prepregnancy pattern of weight gain and central adiposity. Absolute postchildbearing weight was also higher in GDM-affected women, but the slope of gain after GDM was not.

AB - Objective: This study hypothesized that both preconception and postchildbearing patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors may be different for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with women without GDM. Methods: Among 1,302 (51% black) women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study with births and followed for 30 years, this study evaluated changes in cardiometabolic factors (BMI, waist circumference [WC], lipids, blood pressure) during prechildbearing (prior to the first postbaseline birth) and postchildbearing periods (after the last birth) by GDM status using piecewise linear mixed models adjusted for sociodemographics, parity, and time-varying covariates. Results: Compared with women who did not develop GDM, weight and WC increases in women who developed GDM (n = 152, 12%) were faster (BMI difference: +0.12 kg/m2/y, P = 0.04; WC difference: +0.28 cm/y, P = 0.04) during the prechildbearing period, accounting for covariates. This translated to an average of 1.3 kg of excess weight gain across 4 years among women with subsequent GDM versus non-GDM births. In contrast, slopes after childbearing did not differ by GDM status, nor were there other cardiometabolic differences. Conclusions: Women with GDM exhibited an increasing prepregnancy pattern of weight gain and central adiposity. Absolute postchildbearing weight was also higher in GDM-affected women, but the slope of gain after GDM was not.

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Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Before and After Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Life-Course Analysis in CARDIA Women

Abstract

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UN SDGs

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