Characterization of metabolic syndrome among diverse Hispanics/Latinos living in the United States: Latent claß analysis from the hispanic community health study/study of latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Background/objectives: Empirical investigation of the adequacy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) diagnostic criteria, and whether meaningful subtypes of MetS exist, is needed among Hispanics/Latinos. Methods: In 15,825 US Hispanics/Latinos from HCHS/SOL, latent claß analysis of MetS components (waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood preßure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and antihypertensive, lipid- And glucose-lowering medication use) was used to investigate (1) whether distinct subtypes of MetS could be identified, and how component levels differed between them, and (2) how identified subtypes related to covariates and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence. Results: Two latent clusters emerged in both men (n=6317) and women (n=9508): one characterized by relatively healthy mean levels (Non-MetS cluster, 77.1% of men and 67.1% of women) and the other by clinically elevated mean levels (MetS cluster, 22.9% of men and 32.9% of women) acroß most MetS components. These clusters showed expected aßociations with covariates and CVD prevalence. Notable results suggest that (1) HDL cholesterol may poorly differentiate between US Hispanics/Latinos with and without MetS (mean = 45.4 vs. 44.6 mg/dL formen and 51.3 vs. 52.0 mg/dL for women in the MetS vs. Non-MetS clusters, respectively) and (2) theNCEP-ATP III 88 cmwaist circumference cutoff for US females may not optimize diagnosis among Hispanic/ Latino women (MetS cluster mean waist circumference= 102.5 cm). Conclusions: Beyond claßification into having MetS or not, additional subtypes ofMetS do not clearly emerge in US Hispanics/Latinos. Current diagnostic cutoffs for some components may not optimize MetS identification among this population.