Abstract
Aim: To evaluate spasticity under controlled velocities and torques in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using a manual spasticity evaluator. Method: The study involved 10 children with spastic CP (six males, four females; mean age 10y 1mo, SD 2y 9mo, range 7-16y; one with quadriplegia, six with right hemiplegia, three with left hemiplegia; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I [n=2], II [n=3], III [n=2], IV [n=2], and V [n=1]; Manual Ability Classification System levels II [n=5], III [n=4], and V [n=1]) and 10 typically developing participants (four males, six females; mean age 10y 3mo, SD 2y 7mo, range 7-15y). Spasticity and catch angle were evaluated using joint position, resistance torque, and torque rate at velocities of 90°, 180°, and 270° per second, controlled using real-time audio-visual feedback. Biomechanically, elbow range of motion (ROM), stiffness, and energy loss were determined during slow movement (30°/s) and under controlled terminal torque. Results: Compared with typically developing children, children with CP showed higher reflex-mediated torque (p<0.001) and the torque increased more rapidly with increasing velocity (p<0.001). Catch angle was dependent on velocity and occurred later with increasing velocity (p=0.005). Children with CP showed smaller ROM (p<0.05), greater stiffness (p<0.001), and more energy loss (p=0.003). Interpretation: Spasticity with velocity dependence may also be position-dependent. The delayed catch angle at higher velocities indicates that the greater resistance felt by the examiner at higher velocities was also due to position change, because the joint was moved further to a stiffer position at higher velocities.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 563-569 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology |
| Volume | 52 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jun 1 2010 |
Fingerprint
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Clinical Neurology
Cite this
}
Characterization of spasticity in cerebral palsy : Dependence of catch angle on velocity. / Wu, Yi Ning; Ren, Yupeng; Goldsmith, Ashlee; Gaebler-Spira, Deborah J; Liu, Shu Qian; Zhang, Li-Qun.
In: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, Vol. 52, No. 6, 01.06.2010, p. 563-569.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of spasticity in cerebral palsy
T2 - Dependence of catch angle on velocity
AU - Wu, Yi Ning
AU - Ren, Yupeng
AU - Goldsmith, Ashlee
AU - Gaebler-Spira, Deborah J
AU - Liu, Shu Qian
AU - Zhang, Li-Qun
PY - 2010/6/1
Y1 - 2010/6/1
N2 - Aim: To evaluate spasticity under controlled velocities and torques in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using a manual spasticity evaluator. Method: The study involved 10 children with spastic CP (six males, four females; mean age 10y 1mo, SD 2y 9mo, range 7-16y; one with quadriplegia, six with right hemiplegia, three with left hemiplegia; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I [n=2], II [n=3], III [n=2], IV [n=2], and V [n=1]; Manual Ability Classification System levels II [n=5], III [n=4], and V [n=1]) and 10 typically developing participants (four males, six females; mean age 10y 3mo, SD 2y 7mo, range 7-15y). Spasticity and catch angle were evaluated using joint position, resistance torque, and torque rate at velocities of 90°, 180°, and 270° per second, controlled using real-time audio-visual feedback. Biomechanically, elbow range of motion (ROM), stiffness, and energy loss were determined during slow movement (30°/s) and under controlled terminal torque. Results: Compared with typically developing children, children with CP showed higher reflex-mediated torque (p<0.001) and the torque increased more rapidly with increasing velocity (p<0.001). Catch angle was dependent on velocity and occurred later with increasing velocity (p=0.005). Children with CP showed smaller ROM (p<0.05), greater stiffness (p<0.001), and more energy loss (p=0.003). Interpretation: Spasticity with velocity dependence may also be position-dependent. The delayed catch angle at higher velocities indicates that the greater resistance felt by the examiner at higher velocities was also due to position change, because the joint was moved further to a stiffer position at higher velocities.
AB - Aim: To evaluate spasticity under controlled velocities and torques in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using a manual spasticity evaluator. Method: The study involved 10 children with spastic CP (six males, four females; mean age 10y 1mo, SD 2y 9mo, range 7-16y; one with quadriplegia, six with right hemiplegia, three with left hemiplegia; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I [n=2], II [n=3], III [n=2], IV [n=2], and V [n=1]; Manual Ability Classification System levels II [n=5], III [n=4], and V [n=1]) and 10 typically developing participants (four males, six females; mean age 10y 3mo, SD 2y 7mo, range 7-15y). Spasticity and catch angle were evaluated using joint position, resistance torque, and torque rate at velocities of 90°, 180°, and 270° per second, controlled using real-time audio-visual feedback. Biomechanically, elbow range of motion (ROM), stiffness, and energy loss were determined during slow movement (30°/s) and under controlled terminal torque. Results: Compared with typically developing children, children with CP showed higher reflex-mediated torque (p<0.001) and the torque increased more rapidly with increasing velocity (p<0.001). Catch angle was dependent on velocity and occurred later with increasing velocity (p=0.005). Children with CP showed smaller ROM (p<0.05), greater stiffness (p<0.001), and more energy loss (p=0.003). Interpretation: Spasticity with velocity dependence may also be position-dependent. The delayed catch angle at higher velocities indicates that the greater resistance felt by the examiner at higher velocities was also due to position change, because the joint was moved further to a stiffer position at higher velocities.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953922487&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=77953922487&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03602.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03602.x
M3 - Article
C2 - 20132137
AN - SCOPUS:77953922487
VL - 52
SP - 563
EP - 569
JO - Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
JF - Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
SN - 0012-1622
IS - 6
ER -