TY - JOUR
T1 - Childhood Risk Factors and Adulthood Cardiovascular Disease
T2 - A Systematic Review
AU - Pool, Lindsay R.
AU - Aguayo, Liliana
AU - Brzezinski, Michal
AU - Perak, Amanda M.
AU - Davis, Matthew M.
AU - Greenland, Philip
AU - Hou, Lifang
AU - Marino, Bradley S.
AU - Van Horn, Linda
AU - Wakschlag, Lauren
AU - Labarthe, Darwin
AU - Lloyd-Jones, Donald
AU - Allen, Norrina B.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by the American Heart Association ( 17SFRN33700101 [to N.B.]). The funder/sponsor did not participate in the work. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on childhood risk factors and their associations with adulthood subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Study design: A systematic search was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases to identify English-language articles published through June 2018. Articles were included if they were longitudinal studies in community-based populations, the primary exposure occurred during childhood, and the primary outcome was either a measure of subclinical CVD or a clinical CVD event occurring in adulthood. Two independent reviewers screened determined whether eligibility criteria were met. Results: There were 210 articles that met the predefined criteria. The greatest number of publications examined associations of clinical risk factors, including childhood adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol, with the development of adult CVD. Few studies examined childhood lifestyle factors including diet quality, physical activity, and tobacco exposure. Domains of risk beyond “traditional” cardiovascular risk factors, such as childhood psychosocial adversity, seemed to have strong published associations with the development of CVD. Conclusions: Although the evidence was fairly consistent in direction and magnitude for exposures such as childhood adiposity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, significant gaps remain in the understanding of how childhood health and behaviors translate to the risk of adulthood CVD, particularly in lesser studied exposures like glycemic indicators, physical activity, diet quality, very early life course exposure, and population subgroups.
AB - Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on childhood risk factors and their associations with adulthood subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD). Study design: A systematic search was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases to identify English-language articles published through June 2018. Articles were included if they were longitudinal studies in community-based populations, the primary exposure occurred during childhood, and the primary outcome was either a measure of subclinical CVD or a clinical CVD event occurring in adulthood. Two independent reviewers screened determined whether eligibility criteria were met. Results: There were 210 articles that met the predefined criteria. The greatest number of publications examined associations of clinical risk factors, including childhood adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol, with the development of adult CVD. Few studies examined childhood lifestyle factors including diet quality, physical activity, and tobacco exposure. Domains of risk beyond “traditional” cardiovascular risk factors, such as childhood psychosocial adversity, seemed to have strong published associations with the development of CVD. Conclusions: Although the evidence was fairly consistent in direction and magnitude for exposures such as childhood adiposity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, significant gaps remain in the understanding of how childhood health and behaviors translate to the risk of adulthood CVD, particularly in lesser studied exposures like glycemic indicators, physical activity, diet quality, very early life course exposure, and population subgroups.
KW - hypertension
KW - life course
KW - obesity
KW - prevention
KW - subclinical
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.01.053
DO - 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.01.053
M3 - Article
C2 - 33516680
AN - SCOPUS:85102318356
VL - 232
SP - 118-126.e23
JO - Journal of Pediatrics
JF - Journal of Pediatrics
SN - 0022-3476
ER -