@article{37619e4875b040a0a031149f95a5494b,
title = "Chloride Passivation of ZnO Electrodes Improves Charge Extraction in Colloidal Quantum Dot Photovoltaics",
abstract = "The tunable bandgap of colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) makes them an attractive material for photovoltaics (PV). The best present-day CQD PV devices employ zinc oxide (ZnO) as an electron transport layer; however, it is found herein that ZnO's surface defect sites and unfavorable electrical band alignment prevent devices from realizing their full potential. Here, chloride (Cl)-passivated ZnO generated from a solution of presynthesized ZnO nanoparticles treated using an organic-solvent-soluble Cl salt is reported. These new ZnO electrodes exhibit decreased surface trap densities and a favorable electronic band alignment, improving charge extraction from the CQD layer and achieving the best-cell power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.6% and an average PCE of 11.4 ± 0.2%.",
keywords = "ZnO, band alignment, passivation, quantum-dot solar cells",
author = "Jongmin Choi and Younghoon Kim and Jo, {Jea Woong} and Junghwan Kim and Bin Sun and Grant Walters and {Garc{\'i}a de Arquer}, {F. Pelayo} and Rafael Quintero-Bermudez and Yiying Li and Tan, {Chih Shan} and Quan, {Li Na} and Kam, {Andrew Pak Tao} and Sjoerd Hoogland and Zhenghong Lu and Oleksandr Voznyy and Sargent, {Edward H.}",
note = "Funding Information: J.C., Y.K., and J.W.J. contributed equally to this work. The authors thank L. Levina, R. Wolowiec, D. Kopilovic, and E. Palmiano for their help over the course of this research. This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (Nos. 2016R1A6A3A03009820 and 2016R1A6A3A03007170), and by the Ontario Research Fund Research Excellence Program, and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",
year = "2017",
month = sep,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1002/adma.201702350",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "29",
journal = "Advanced Materials",
issn = "0935-9648",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "33",
}