Abstract
Chromatin structure and transcription factor activity collaborate to set the transcription level of a gene. Our understanding of the relative contributions of each of these factors at a specific gene is limited. We studied the effects of an altered chromatin environment on the activity of the estrogen-responsive pS2 promoter. We created stable cell lines with the pS2 promoter situated in an alternative chromatin site in addition to it being in its native site. Both promoters were estrogen-responsive for estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) recruitment, but transcription was inducible only at the native site. At the recombinant site, transcription was high and constitutive. Higher histone H3 and H4 acetylation (acH3 and acH4), as well as trimethylated lysine 4 on histone H3 levels, was observed at the recombinant site compared to the native site in vehicle treated cells. Inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) resulted in increased acH4, but only modest increases in acH3, ERα binding and basal transcription at the native pS2 site. Inhibiting HDACs had no effect on transcription from the recombinant site. These data suggest that highly active chromatin is not only permissive for transcription, but can override the requirement for the transcription factor at an inducible promoter.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 2796-2810 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | Experimental Cell Research |
Volume | 314 |
Issue number | 15 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 10 2008 |
Funding
We thank Flavien Leclere, Ruben Alexanian, Brittany Conrad and Rebecca McDermid for their technical support; and Ali Wright and Flavien Leclere for reading the manuscript and for their suggestions. We also thank Dr Elaine Alarid (UW Madison) for supplying us with the pCLBabepuro/ERα plasmid and Dr. W.L. Krause (Cornell University) for generously providing us with antibody against ERα acetylated on lysines 266/268. This work was supported in part by DOD grant W81XWH-05-1-0474 to FEM, NIH DK64243 and UW Graduate School grants to MKF.
Keywords
- Chromatin
- Estrogen receptor
- Histone acetylation
- Histone methylation
- Nuclear receptors
- Steroid receptors
- flp recombination target
- pS2
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cell Biology