Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia is a serious and life-threatening infection associated with high mortality. Among the multitude of virulence determinants possessed by P. aeruginosa, the type 3 secretion system has been implicated with more acute and invasive infection in respiratory diseases. However, the relationship between the type 3 secretion system and clinical outcomes in P. aeruginosa bacteremia has not been investigated. Objectives: To determine the association between the type 3 secretion system virulence factor in P. aeruginosa bloodstream infection and 30-day mortality. Design: Retrospective analysis of 85 cases of P. aeruginosa bacteremia. Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Interventions: Bacterial isolates were assayed in vitro for secretion of type 3 exotoxins (ExoU, ExoT, and ExoS). Strain relatedness was analyzed using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction genotyping. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by means of the Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion test. Measurements and Main Results: At least one of the type 3 secretion system proteins was detected in 37 out of the 85 isolates (44%). Septic shock was identified in 43% of bacteremic patients with type 3 secretion system+ isolates compared to 23% of patients with type 3 secretion system-isolates (p = .12). A high frequency of resistance in the type 3 secretion system+ isolates was observed to ciprofloxacin (59%), cefepime (35%), and gentamicin (38%). There was a significant difference in the 30-day cumulative probability of death after bacteremia between secretors and nonsecretors (p = .02). None of the type 3 secretion system+ patients who survived the first 30 days had a P. aeruginosa isolate which exhibited ExoU phenotype. Conclusions: The expression of type 3 secretion system exotoxins in bacteremic isolates of P. aeruginosa confers poor clinical outcomes independent of antibiotic susceptibility profile.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 1157-1163 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | Critical care medicine |
Volume | 40 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2012 |
Keywords
- Pseudomonas
- antimicrobial resistance
- bloodstream infection
- mortality
- shock
- type III secretion system
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine