Communication about behavioral health risks: A study of videotaped encounters in 2 internal medicine practices

Gregory Makoul*, Anjali Dhurandhar, Mita Sanghavi Goel, Denise Scholtens, Alan S. Rubin

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

14 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND: As behavioral health risks account for the major causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, national guidelines recommend that physicians routinely screen patients for risk factors, and counsel as appropriate. OBJECTIVES: To assess the scope of health risk screening and characterize the communication content of counseling for health behavior change in 2 general internal medicine practices. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: We studied videotapes of 125 new patient visits to General Internists affiliated with academic medical centers in Chicago, IL (70%) and Burlington, VT (30%). All videotapes were content analyzed to examine (1) the incidence and outcome of screening for diet, exercise, tobacco, alcohol, drugs, sex, seatbelt use, helmet use, firearms, smoke detectors, and sun exposure; (2) the content of counseling for at-risk behaviors, with a focus on 11 counseling tasks associated with health behavior change. RESULTS: Patient age in these 125 initial visits ranged from 22 to 85 years. Within the 91 visits that included at least 1 screening attempt, there were a total of 361 distinct screening discussions (mean =3.9, SD =2.2, range =1 to 9). Seventy-four (20.5%) of the 361 screening discussions revealed an at-risk behavior. On average, 2.4 of the 11 counseling tasks were accomplished for each of the 74 behavioral health risks (SD =2.2, range 0 to 9); only education about the problem (56.8%) and general advice about the solution (62.2%) were evident in more than half of the counseling attempts. CONCLUSIONS: This observational study reveals that communication tasks associated with successful counseling were relatively infrequent occurrences during initial visits in 2 primary care practices.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)698-703
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of general internal medicine
Volume21
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - 2006

Funding

This research was supported, in part, by a grant from the Arthur Vining Davis Foundations. We are grateful to Jason Thompson for his help in coding the encounters and structuring the dataset.

Keywords

  • Counseling
  • Health risk
  • Motivational interviewing
  • Physician-patient communication

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine

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