Community-acquired respiratory viruses in solid organ transplant

Hannah H. Nam, Michael G. Ison*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose of reviewRespiratory viruses are common in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients and recognized as a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. This review examines the literature on influenza and noninfluenza viruses in the SOT recipient.Recent findingsAdvances in immunosuppression and antimicrobial prophylaxis have led to improved patient and graft survival, yet respiratory viruses continue to be a common cause of disease in this population. Influenza viruses have received top priority regarding prevention and treatment, whereas advances in molecular diagnostic tests detecting an array of other respiratory viruses have expanded our knowledge about the epidemiology and impact of these viruses in both the general population and SOT patients. Effective treatment and prevention for noninfluenza respiratory viruses are only emerging.SummaryRespiratory viruses can contribute to a wide array of symptoms in SOT, particularly in lung transplant recipients. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment options for influenza and noninfluenza viruses in SOT patients are reviewed. PCR and related molecular techniques represent the most sensitive diagnostic modalities for detection of respiratory viruses. Early therapy is associated with improved outcomes. Newer classes of antivirals and antibodies are under continuous development for many of these community acquired respiratory viruses.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)483-489
Number of pages7
JournalCurrent opinion in organ transplantation
Volume24
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 1 2019

Keywords

  • antivirals
  • epidemiology
  • human metapneumovirus
  • human orthopneumovirus
  • human parainfluenza virus
  • human respiratory syncytial virus
  • influenza
  • multiplex
  • parainfluenza virus
  • respiratory tract viruses
  • solid organ transplantation
  • vaccination

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Transplantation
  • Immunology and Allergy

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