Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients

Connor J. Dwyer; Colleen A. Cloud; Cindy Wang; Philip Heidt; Paramita Chakraborty; Tara F. Duke; Shannon McGue; Braxton Jeffcoat; Jaclyn Dunne; Logan Johnson; Seungho Choi; Georges J. Nahhas; Amy S. Gandy; Nikolina Babic; Frederick S. Nolte; Philip Howe; Besim Ogretmen; Vamsi K. Gangaraju; Stephen Tomlinson; Brian Madden; Tracy Bridges; Patrick A. Flume; John Wrangle; Mark P. Rubinstein; Prabhakar K. Baliga; Satish N. Nadig; Shikhar Mehrotra

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients

Connor J. Dwyer, Colleen A. Cloud, Cindy Wang, Philip Heidt, Paramita Chakraborty, Tara F. Duke, Shannon McGue, Braxton Jeffcoat, Jaclyn Dunne, Logan Johnson, Seungho Choi, Georges J. Nahhas, Amy S. Gandy, Nikolina Babic, Frederick S. Nolte, Philip Howe, Besim Ogretmen, Vamsi K. Gangaraju, Stephen Tomlinson, Brian MaddenTracy Bridges, Patrick A. Flume, John Wrangle, Mark P. Rubinstein, Prabhakar K. Baliga, Satish N. Nadig^*, Shikhar Mehrotra^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Surgery, Transplant Surgery Division

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has induced a global health crisis, which requires more in-depth investigation into immunological responses to develop effective treatments and vaccines. To understand protective immunity against COVID-19, we screened over 60,000 asymptomatic individuals in the Southeastern United States for IgG antibody positivity against the viral Spike protein, and approximately 3% were positive. Of these 3%, individuals with the highest anti-S or anti-RBD IgG level showed a strong correlation with inhibition of ACE2 binding and cross-reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-proteins. We also analyzed samples from 94 SARS-CoV-2 patients and compared them with those of asymptomatic individuals. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses, ACE2 binding inhibition, and antibody cross-reactivity. Our study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms. Furthermore, IgG antibody responses against S and RBD may correlate with high inhibition of ACE2 binding in individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or post vaccination.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	102489
Journal	iScience
Volume	24
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489
State	Published - Jun 25 2021

Funding

The work was supported in part by NIH grants R01CA138930 , R01CA250458 , R01DE030013 , R41CA239952 ; South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research ( SCTR ) award 2104 to S.M.; and P01CA203628 to B.O. R01CA222817 and SCTR award 2017 to M.P.R. and J.W. also supported this work. Support from MUSC President's Office for COVID-19 Research and Hollings Cancer Center Shared Resources (partly supported by P30 CA138313 ) at MUSC is also acknowledged.

Keywords

Immunology
Infection control in health technology
Virology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

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Dwyer, C. J., Cloud, C. A., Wang, C., Heidt, P., Chakraborty, P., Duke, T. F., McGue, S., Jeffcoat, B., Dunne, J., Johnson, L., Choi, S., Nahhas, G. J., Gandy, A. S., Babic, N., Nolte, F. S., Howe, P., Ogretmen, B., Gangaraju, V. K., Tomlinson, S., ... Mehrotra, S. (2021). Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients. iScience, 24(6), Article 102489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

@article{4c386f3bdec54d64a6b111fe318156e0,

title = "Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients",

abstract = "The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has induced a global health crisis, which requires more in-depth investigation into immunological responses to develop effective treatments and vaccines. To understand protective immunity against COVID-19, we screened over 60,000 asymptomatic individuals in the Southeastern United States for IgG antibody positivity against the viral Spike protein, and approximately 3% were positive. Of these 3%, individuals with the highest anti-S or anti-RBD IgG level showed a strong correlation with inhibition of ACE2 binding and cross-reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-proteins. We also analyzed samples from 94 SARS-CoV-2 patients and compared them with those of asymptomatic individuals. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses, ACE2 binding inhibition, and antibody cross-reactivity. Our study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms. Furthermore, IgG antibody responses against S and RBD may correlate with high inhibition of ACE2 binding in individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or post vaccination.",

keywords = "Immunology, Infection control in health technology, Virology",

author = "Dwyer, {Connor J.} and Cloud, {Colleen A.} and Cindy Wang and Philip Heidt and Paramita Chakraborty and Duke, {Tara F.} and Shannon McGue and Braxton Jeffcoat and Jaclyn Dunne and Logan Johnson and Seungho Choi and Nahhas, {Georges J.} and Gandy, {Amy S.} and Nikolina Babic and Nolte, {Frederick S.} and Philip Howe and Besim Ogretmen and Gangaraju, {Vamsi K.} and Stephen Tomlinson and Brian Madden and Tracy Bridges and Flume, {Patrick A.} and John Wrangle and Rubinstein, {Mark P.} and Baliga, {Prabhakar K.} and Nadig, {Satish N.} and Shikhar Mehrotra",

note = "Funding Information: The work was supported in part by NIH grants R01CA138930 , R01CA250458 , R01DE030013 , R41CA239952 ; South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research ( SCTR ) award 2104 to S.M.; and P01CA203628 to B.O. R01CA222817 and SCTR award 2017 to M.P.R. and J.W. also supported this work. Support from MUSC President's Office for COVID-19 Research and Hollings Cancer Center Shared Resources (partly supported by P30 CA138313 ) at MUSC is also acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "24",

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Dwyer, CJ, Cloud, CA, Wang, C, Heidt, P, Chakraborty, P, Duke, TF, McGue, S, Jeffcoat, B, Dunne, J, Johnson, L, Choi, S, Nahhas, GJ, Gandy, AS, Babic, N, Nolte, FS, Howe, P, Ogretmen, B, Gangaraju, VK, Tomlinson, S, Madden, B, Bridges, T, Flume, PA, Wrangle, J, Rubinstein, MP, Baliga, PK, Nadig, SN & Mehrotra, S 2021, 'Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients', iScience, vol. 24, no. 6, 102489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients

AU - Dwyer, Connor J.

AU - Cloud, Colleen A.

AU - Wang, Cindy

AU - Heidt, Philip

AU - Chakraborty, Paramita

AU - Duke, Tara F.

AU - McGue, Shannon

AU - Jeffcoat, Braxton

AU - Dunne, Jaclyn

AU - Johnson, Logan

AU - Choi, Seungho

AU - Nahhas, Georges J.

AU - Gandy, Amy S.

AU - Babic, Nikolina

AU - Nolte, Frederick S.

AU - Howe, Philip

AU - Ogretmen, Besim

AU - Gangaraju, Vamsi K.

AU - Tomlinson, Stephen

AU - Madden, Brian

AU - Bridges, Tracy

AU - Flume, Patrick A.

AU - Wrangle, John

AU - Rubinstein, Mark P.

AU - Baliga, Prabhakar K.

AU - Nadig, Satish N.

AU - Mehrotra, Shikhar

N1 - Funding Information: The work was supported in part by NIH grants R01CA138930 , R01CA250458 , R01DE030013 , R41CA239952 ; South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research ( SCTR ) award 2104 to S.M.; and P01CA203628 to B.O. R01CA222817 and SCTR award 2017 to M.P.R. and J.W. also supported this work. Support from MUSC President's Office for COVID-19 Research and Hollings Cancer Center Shared Resources (partly supported by P30 CA138313 ) at MUSC is also acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors

PY - 2021/6/25

Y1 - 2021/6/25

N2 - The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has induced a global health crisis, which requires more in-depth investigation into immunological responses to develop effective treatments and vaccines. To understand protective immunity against COVID-19, we screened over 60,000 asymptomatic individuals in the Southeastern United States for IgG antibody positivity against the viral Spike protein, and approximately 3% were positive. Of these 3%, individuals with the highest anti-S or anti-RBD IgG level showed a strong correlation with inhibition of ACE2 binding and cross-reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-proteins. We also analyzed samples from 94 SARS-CoV-2 patients and compared them with those of asymptomatic individuals. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses, ACE2 binding inhibition, and antibody cross-reactivity. Our study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms. Furthermore, IgG antibody responses against S and RBD may correlate with high inhibition of ACE2 binding in individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or post vaccination.

AB - The SARS-CoV-2 viral pandemic has induced a global health crisis, which requires more in-depth investigation into immunological responses to develop effective treatments and vaccines. To understand protective immunity against COVID-19, we screened over 60,000 asymptomatic individuals in the Southeastern United States for IgG antibody positivity against the viral Spike protein, and approximately 3% were positive. Of these 3%, individuals with the highest anti-S or anti-RBD IgG level showed a strong correlation with inhibition of ACE2 binding and cross-reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus S-proteins. We also analyzed samples from 94 SARS-CoV-2 patients and compared them with those of asymptomatic individuals. SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic patients had decreased antibody responses, ACE2 binding inhibition, and antibody cross-reactivity. Our study shows that healthy individuals can mount robust immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms. Furthermore, IgG antibody responses against S and RBD may correlate with high inhibition of ACE2 binding in individuals tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection or post vaccination.

KW - Immunology

KW - Infection control in health technology

KW - Virology

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U2 - 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

DO - 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102489

M3 - Article

C2 - 33969281

AN - SCOPUS:85106496668

SN - 2589-0042

VL - 24

JO - iScience

JF - iScience

IS - 6

M1 - 102489

ER -

Comparative analysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 between asymptomatic and convalescent patients

Abstract

Funding

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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