Abstract
While many studies have highlighted human adaptations to diverse environments worldwide, genomic studies of natural selection in Indigenous populations in the Americas have been absent from this literature until very recently. Since humans first entered the Americas some 20,000 years ago, they have settled in many new environments across the continent. This diversity of environments has placed variable selective pressures on the populations living in each region, but the effects of these pressures have not been extensively studied to date. To help fill this gap, we collected genome-wide data from three Indigenous North American populations from different geographic regions of the continent (Alaska, southeastern United States, and central Mexico). We identified signals of natural selection in each population and compared signals across populations to explore the differences in selective pressures among the three regions sampled. We find evidence of adaptation to cold and high-latitude environments in Alaska, while in the southeastern United States and central Mexico, pathogenic environments seem to have created important selective pressures. This study lays the foundation for additional functional and phenotypic work on possible adaptations to varied environments during the history of population diversification in the Americas.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 9312-9317 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Volume | 116 |
Issue number | 19 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 7 2019 |
Funding
Research Fellowship. This work was supported by grants from the Norman Hackerman Advanced Research Program of the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, NSF Awards SMA-1408876 and BCS-1412501, and Wenner–Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Grant 8773.
Keywords
- Alaskan Natives
- Human evolutionary genetics
- Native Americans
- Natural selection
- Population genomics
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General