TY - JOUR
T1 - Consensus for experimental design in electromyography (CEDE) project
T2 - Amplitude normalization matrix
AU - Besomi, Manuela
AU - Hodges, Paul W.
AU - Clancy, Edward A.
AU - Van Dieën, Jaap
AU - Hug, François
AU - Lowery, Madeleine
AU - Merletti, Roberto
AU - Søgaard, Karen
AU - Wrigley, Tim
AU - Besier, Thor
AU - Carson, Richard G.
AU - Disselhorst-Klug, Catherine
AU - Enoka, Roger M.
AU - Falla, Deborah
AU - Farina, Dario
AU - Gandevia, Simon
AU - Holobar, Aleš
AU - Kiernan, Matthew C.
AU - McGill, Kevin
AU - Perreault, Eric
AU - Rothwell, John C.
AU - Tucker, Kylie
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia (Program Grant: APP1091302). PWH is supported by an NHMRC Senior Principal Research Fellowship (APP1102905). MB is supported by the University of Queensland Research Training Scholarship. MCK was supported by the NHMRC Program Grant (APP1132524), Partnership Project (APP1153439) and Practitioner Fellowship (APP1156093). AH is supported by Slovenian Research Agency (projects J2-1731 and L7-9421 and Program funding P2-0041). FH is supported by a fellowship from the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF). DF is supported by the European Research Council (ERC; 810346) and by the Royal Society (Wolfson Research Merit Award).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - The general purpose of normalization of EMG amplitude is to enable comparisons between participants, muscles, measurement sessions or electrode positions. Normalization is necessary to reduce the impact of differences in physiological and anatomical characteristics of muscles and surrounding tissues. Normalization of the EMG amplitude provides information about the magnitude of muscle activation relative to a reference value. It is essential to select an appropriate method for normalization with specific reference to how the EMG signal will be interpreted, and to consider how the normalized EMG amplitude may change when interpreting it under specific conditions. This matrix, developed by the Consensus for Experimental Design in Electromyography (CEDE) project, presents six approaches to EMG normalization: (1) Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in same task/context as the task of interest, (2) Standardized isometric MVC (which is not necessarily matched to the contraction type in the task of interest), (3) Standardized submaximal task (isometric/dynamic) that can be task-specific, (4) Peak/mean EMG amplitude in task, (5) Non-normalized, and (6) Maximal M-wave. General considerations for normalization, features that should be reported, definitions, and “pros and cons” of each normalization approach are presented first. This information is followed by recommendations for specific experimental contexts, along with an explanation of the factors that determine the suitability of a method, and frequently asked questions. This matrix is intended to help researchers when selecting, reporting and interpreting EMG amplitude data.
AB - The general purpose of normalization of EMG amplitude is to enable comparisons between participants, muscles, measurement sessions or electrode positions. Normalization is necessary to reduce the impact of differences in physiological and anatomical characteristics of muscles and surrounding tissues. Normalization of the EMG amplitude provides information about the magnitude of muscle activation relative to a reference value. It is essential to select an appropriate method for normalization with specific reference to how the EMG signal will be interpreted, and to consider how the normalized EMG amplitude may change when interpreting it under specific conditions. This matrix, developed by the Consensus for Experimental Design in Electromyography (CEDE) project, presents six approaches to EMG normalization: (1) Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in same task/context as the task of interest, (2) Standardized isometric MVC (which is not necessarily matched to the contraction type in the task of interest), (3) Standardized submaximal task (isometric/dynamic) that can be task-specific, (4) Peak/mean EMG amplitude in task, (5) Non-normalized, and (6) Maximal M-wave. General considerations for normalization, features that should be reported, definitions, and “pros and cons” of each normalization approach are presented first. This information is followed by recommendations for specific experimental contexts, along with an explanation of the factors that determine the suitability of a method, and frequently asked questions. This matrix is intended to help researchers when selecting, reporting and interpreting EMG amplitude data.
KW - Amplitude normalization
KW - Consensus
KW - Electromyography
KW - Muscle activation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102438
DO - 10.1016/j.jelekin.2020.102438
M3 - Article
C2 - 32569878
AN - SCOPUS:85086589218
SN - 1050-6411
VL - 53
JO - Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
JF - Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
M1 - 102438
ER -