TY - JOUR
T1 - Continuous Ketone Monitoring Consensus Report 2021
AU - Nguyen, Kevin T.
AU - Xu, Nicole Y.
AU - Zhang, Jennifer Y.
AU - Shang, Trisha
AU - Basu, Ananda
AU - Bergenstal, Richard M.
AU - Castorino, Kristin
AU - Chen, Kong Y.
AU - Kerr, David
AU - Koliwad, Suneil K.
AU - Laffel, Lori M.
AU - Mathioudakis, Nestoras
AU - Midyett, L. Kurt
AU - Miller, Joshua D.
AU - Nichols, James H.
AU - Pasquel, Francisco J.
AU - Prahalad, Priya
AU - Prausnitz, Mark R.
AU - Seley, Jane Jeffrie
AU - Sherr, Jennifer L.
AU - Spanakis, Elias K.
AU - Umpierrez, Guillermo E.
AU - Wallia, Amisha
AU - Klonoff, David C.
N1 - Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Diabetes Technology Society received an educational grant from Abbott Diabetes Care to support the research and publication of this article.
Funding Information:
The author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: KTN, NYX, JYZ, TS, AB, KYC, NM, JJS, GEU, and PP have nothing relevant to disclose. RMB reports research support, has consulted, or has served on a scientific advisory board for Abbott Diabetes Care, Ascensia, CeQur Corporation, Dexcom, Hygieia, Insulet, Johnson & Johnson, Lilly, Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Onduo, Roche, Sanofi, and United Healthcare. He receives funding for technology research from NIH/NIDDK. All contracts are with his employer’s non-profit institute, and he receives no direct personal income from these activities. KC receives grant support and supplies provided to her institution from Dexcom, grant support provided to her institution from Abbott Labs, Abbott Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Insulet and Novo Nordisk. DK has received honoraria for participation in Advisory Boards related to Digital health for Sanofi and Novo Nordisk, is in receipt of research funding from Novo Nordisk, and share options from Glooko. SKK receives grant support from the UCSF Nutrition and Obesity Research Center (NIH P30 DK098722) and is an advisor to Yes Health, Suggestic, and Signos. LML reports grant support to her institution from NIH, JDRF, Helmsley Charitable Trust, Eli Lilly and Company, Insulet, Dexcom, and Boehringer Ingelheim. LML is a consultant for Janssen, Insulet, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, Dompe, and Provention. LKM is a consultant for Abbott Diabetes Care. JDM is an advisor and speaker for Medtronic Diabetes and has received a grant from Dexcom, Inc. JHN is an advisor for Dexcom and has received speaker honoraria from Abbott Laboratories. His institution has received research support from Abbott Laboratories and Roche Diagnostics. FJP is partially supported by the National Institutes of Health under award numbers 1K23GM128221-01A3 and P30DK111024-05S1. FJP reports receiving research support from Dexcom, Insulet, and Merck and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim outside the submitted work. MRP has a financial interest in technologies to collect interstitial fluid using microneedles as a consultant, inventor, and company founder/shareholder. This conflict of interest is managed by Georgia Institute of Technology. JLS has had research support from the NIH, JDRF, and the Helmsley Charitable Trust and her institution has had research support from Medtronic and Insulet. JLS serves as a consultant to Cecelia Health, Lexicon, Lilly, Insulet, Medtronic, and Sanofi. JLS is also a member of the advisory board for Bigfoot Biomedical, Cecelia Health, Insulet, Medtronic, and the T1D Fund. EKS was partially supported by the VA MERIT award (#1I01CX001825) from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Sciences Research and Development Service. EKS has received unrestricted research support from Dexcom (to Baltimore VA Medical Center and to University of Maryland) for the conduction of clinical trials, which (Dexcom) did not support the work monetarily or in kind. AW Grant: Novo Nordisk and Grant Salary Support: Eli Lilly, UnitedHealth. DCK is a consultant for EOFlow, Fractyl, Lifecare, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diagnostics, Samsung, and Thirdwayv.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Diabetes Technology Society.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - This article is the work product of the Continuous Ketone Monitoring Consensus Panel, which was organized by Diabetes Technology Society and met virtually on April 20, 2021. The panel consisted of 20 US-based experts in the use of diabetes technology, representing adult endocrinology, pediatric endocrinology, advanced practice nursing, diabetes care and education, clinical chemistry, and bioengineering. The panelists were from universities, hospitals, freestanding research institutes, government, and private practice. Panelists reviewed the medical literature pertaining to ten topics: (1) physiology of ketone production, (2) measurement of ketones, (3) performance of the first continuous ketone monitor (CKM) reported to be used in human trials, (4) demographics and epidemiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), (5) atypical hyperketonemia, (6) prevention of DKA, (7) non-DKA states of fasting ketonemia and ketonuria, (8) potential integration of CKMs with pumps and automated insulin delivery systems to prevent DKA, (9) clinical trials of CKMs, and (10) the future of CKMs. The panelists summarized the medical literature for each of the ten topics in this report. They also developed 30 conclusions (amounting to three conclusions for each topic) about CKMs and voted unanimously to adopt the 30 conclusions. This report is intended to support the development of safe and effective continuous ketone monitoring and to apply this technology in ways that will benefit people with diabetes.
AB - This article is the work product of the Continuous Ketone Monitoring Consensus Panel, which was organized by Diabetes Technology Society and met virtually on April 20, 2021. The panel consisted of 20 US-based experts in the use of diabetes technology, representing adult endocrinology, pediatric endocrinology, advanced practice nursing, diabetes care and education, clinical chemistry, and bioengineering. The panelists were from universities, hospitals, freestanding research institutes, government, and private practice. Panelists reviewed the medical literature pertaining to ten topics: (1) physiology of ketone production, (2) measurement of ketones, (3) performance of the first continuous ketone monitor (CKM) reported to be used in human trials, (4) demographics and epidemiology of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), (5) atypical hyperketonemia, (6) prevention of DKA, (7) non-DKA states of fasting ketonemia and ketonuria, (8) potential integration of CKMs with pumps and automated insulin delivery systems to prevent DKA, (9) clinical trials of CKMs, and (10) the future of CKMs. The panelists summarized the medical literature for each of the ten topics in this report. They also developed 30 conclusions (amounting to three conclusions for each topic) about CKMs and voted unanimously to adopt the 30 conclusions. This report is intended to support the development of safe and effective continuous ketone monitoring and to apply this technology in ways that will benefit people with diabetes.
KW - acetoacetate
KW - continuous
KW - ketoacidosis
KW - ketone
KW - β-hydroxybutyrate
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U2 - 10.1177/19322968211042656
DO - 10.1177/19322968211042656
M3 - Article
C2 - 34605694
AN - SCOPUS:85116349815
SN - 1932-2968
VL - 16
SP - 689
EP - 715
JO - Journal of diabetes science and technology
JF - Journal of diabetes science and technology
IS - 3
ER -
