Controllable Nonclassical Conductance Switching in Nanoscale Phase-Separated (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x Layered Crystals

Grant C.B. Alexander; Patrick W. Krantz; Hee Joon Jung; Samuel Kenneth Davis; Yaobin Xu; Vinayak P. Dravid; Venkat Chandrasekhar; Mercouri G. Kanatzidis

doi:10.1002/adma.202103098

Controllable Nonclassical Conductance Switching in Nanoscale Phase-Separated (PbI₂)₁₋_x(BiI₃)_x Layered Crystals

Grant C.B. Alexander, Patrick W. Krantz, Hee Joon Jung, Samuel Kenneth Davis, Yaobin Xu, Vinayak P. Dravid, Venkat Chandrasekhar, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Layered 2D (PbI₂)₁₋_x(BiI₃)_x materials exhibit a nonlinear dependence in structural and charge transport properties unanticipated from the combination of PbI₂ and BiI₃. Within (PbI₂)₁₋_x(BiI₃)_x crystals, phase integration yields deceptive structural features, while phase boundary separation leads to new conductance switching behavior observed as large peaks in current during current–voltage (I–V) measurements (±100 V). Temperature- and time-dependent electrical measurements demonstrate that the behavior is attributed to ionic transport perpendicular to the layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that the structure of (PbI₂)₁₋_x(BiI₃)_x is a “brick wall” consisting of two phases, Pb-rich and Bi-rich. These brick-like features are 10s nm a side and it is posited that iodide ion transport at the interfaces of these regions is responsible for the conductance switching action.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	2103098
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	33
Issue number	51
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202103098
State	Published - Dec 23 2021

Keywords

conductance switching
nanoscale crystals
nonlinear charge transport
phase separation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Materials Science(all)
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering

Access to Document

10.1002/adma.202103098

Cite this

@article{e1f10ad709564cbe98c87e8c1e5b1acd,

title = "Controllable Nonclassical Conductance Switching in Nanoscale Phase-Separated (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x Layered Crystals",

abstract = "Layered 2D (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x materials exhibit a nonlinear dependence in structural and charge transport properties unanticipated from the combination of PbI2 and BiI3. Within (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x crystals, phase integration yields deceptive structural features, while phase boundary separation leads to new conductance switching behavior observed as large peaks in current during current–voltage (I–V) measurements (±100 V). Temperature- and time-dependent electrical measurements demonstrate that the behavior is attributed to ionic transport perpendicular to the layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that the structure of (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x is a “brick wall” consisting of two phases, Pb-rich and Bi-rich. These brick-like features are 10s nm a side and it is posited that iodide ion transport at the interfaces of these regions is responsible for the conductance switching action.",

keywords = "conductance switching, nanoscale crystals, nonlinear charge transport, phase separation",

author = "Alexander, {Grant C.B.} and Krantz, {Patrick W.} and Jung, {Hee Joon} and Davis, {Samuel Kenneth} and Yaobin Xu and Dravid, {Vinayak P.} and Venkat Chandrasekhar and Kanatzidis, {Mercouri G.}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Army Research Office (Grant W911NF1910335). The authors acknowledge EPIC facility of Northwestern University's NU Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS‐1542205); the MRSEC IRG2 program (NSF DMR‐1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. ANCE Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH",

year = "2021",

month = dec,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1002/adma.202103098",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "33",

journal = "Advanced Materials",

issn = "0935-9648",

publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",

number = "51",

}

Controllable Nonclassical Conductance Switching in Nanoscale Phase-Separated (PbI₂)₁₋_x(BiI₃)_x Layered Crystals. / Alexander, Grant C.B.; Krantz, Patrick W.; Jung, Hee Joon; Davis, Samuel Kenneth; Xu, Yaobin; Dravid, Vinayak P.; Chandrasekhar, Venkat ; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.

In: Advanced Materials, Vol. 33, No. 51, 2103098, 23.12.2021.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Controllable Nonclassical Conductance Switching in Nanoscale Phase-Separated (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x Layered Crystals

AU - Alexander, Grant C.B.

AU - Krantz, Patrick W.

AU - Jung, Hee Joon

AU - Davis, Samuel Kenneth

AU - Xu, Yaobin

AU - Dravid, Vinayak P.

AU - Chandrasekhar, Venkat

AU - Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the Army Research Office (Grant W911NF1910335). The authors acknowledge EPIC facility of Northwestern University's NU Center, which has received support from the Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource (NSF ECCS‐1542205); the MRSEC IRG2 program (NSF DMR‐1720139) at the Materials Research Center; the International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN); the Keck Foundation; and the State of Illinois, through the IIN. Work at Argonne National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. ANCE Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH

PY - 2021/12/23

Y1 - 2021/12/23

N2 - Layered 2D (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x materials exhibit a nonlinear dependence in structural and charge transport properties unanticipated from the combination of PbI2 and BiI3. Within (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x crystals, phase integration yields deceptive structural features, while phase boundary separation leads to new conductance switching behavior observed as large peaks in current during current–voltage (I–V) measurements (±100 V). Temperature- and time-dependent electrical measurements demonstrate that the behavior is attributed to ionic transport perpendicular to the layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that the structure of (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x is a “brick wall” consisting of two phases, Pb-rich and Bi-rich. These brick-like features are 10s nm a side and it is posited that iodide ion transport at the interfaces of these regions is responsible for the conductance switching action.

AB - Layered 2D (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x materials exhibit a nonlinear dependence in structural and charge transport properties unanticipated from the combination of PbI2 and BiI3. Within (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x crystals, phase integration yields deceptive structural features, while phase boundary separation leads to new conductance switching behavior observed as large peaks in current during current–voltage (I–V) measurements (±100 V). Temperature- and time-dependent electrical measurements demonstrate that the behavior is attributed to ionic transport perpendicular to the layers. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals that the structure of (PbI2)1−x(BiI3)x is a “brick wall” consisting of two phases, Pb-rich and Bi-rich. These brick-like features are 10s nm a side and it is posited that iodide ion transport at the interfaces of these regions is responsible for the conductance switching action.

KW - conductance switching

KW - nanoscale crystals

KW - nonlinear charge transport

KW - phase separation

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