@article{491652de93184a1d953b61718265a97f,
title = "Current Understanding of Narcolepsy 1 and its Comorbidities: What Clinicians Need to Know",
abstract = "Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder associated with the dysregulation of the sleep–wake cycle that often leads to a decreased quality of life and results in a considerable health burden. There is often a delay to diagnosis of narcolepsy, mainly due to the lack of recognition of this disorder. One of the main factors hindering the diagnosis of narcolepsy is the association of comorbidities, which include other sleep disorders, psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and metabolic disorders. The signs and symptoms of these comorbidities often overlap with those of narcolepsy, and some of the medications used for their treatment may obscure the symptoms of narcolepsy, leading to a delay in diagnosis. This review is targeted to clinicians unaccustomed to working with sleep disorders and aims to increase recognition and improve the management of narcolepsy.",
keywords = "Cataplexy, Comorbidities, Diagnostic delay, Excessive daytime sleepiness, Hypersomnolence, Narcolepsy, Orexin, Rapid eye movement, Sleep disorders",
author = "Krahn, {Lois E.} and Zee, {Phyllis C.} and Thorpy, {Michael J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Lois E. Krahn has received research funding from Avadel Pharmaceuticals, Balance Therapeutics, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Suven Life Sciences, and Takeda. Phyllis C. Zee serves as a consultant and/or advisor for Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Harmony Biosciences, and Eisai Pharmaceuticals, and served as a consultant/advisor for CVS/Caremark in 2019 and 2020. Dr Zee has equity ownership/stock options in Teva Pharmaceuticals and received lecture fees/honoraria from Eisai Pharmaceuticals in 2020. Michael J. Thorpy serves as a consultant/advisor for Axsome, Balance Therapeutics, Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, NLS Pharmaceuticals, Suven Life Sciences, Takeda, and XW Pharma. Funding Information: Catherine Rees and Alma Orts-Sebastian of inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare (New York, NY, USA), Elizabeth Samander of Springer Healthcare (New York, NY, USA) and Michael Coco, PhD, of Coco Communications Inc. (Atlanta, GA) provided medical writing support and Brad Zerlanko of Springer Healthcare (Jersey City, NJ, USA) provided editorial support. This assistance was funded by an unrestricted medical education grant from Jazz Pharmaceuticals (Palo Alto, CA, USA). Funding Information: The funding for this manuscript and the Rapid Service and Open Access Fees were provided by Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, USA. Catherine Rees and Alma Orts-Sebastian of inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare (New York, NY, USA), Elizabeth Samander of Springer Healthcare (New York, NY, USA) and Michael Coco, PhD, of Coco Communications Inc. (Atlanta, GA) provided medical writing support and Brad Zerlanko of Springer Healthcare (Jersey City, NJ, USA) provided editorial support. This assistance was funded by an unrestricted medical education grant from Jazz Pharmaceuticals (Palo Alto, CA, USA). All named authors meet the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship for this article, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, and have given their approval for this version to be published. Phyllis C. Zee, Michael J. Thorpy, and Lois E. Krahn contributed to the manuscript conception and design and participated in the draft manuscript preparation and revision. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Lois E. Krahn has received research funding from Avadel Pharmaceuticals, Balance Therapeutics, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Suven Life Sciences, and Takeda. Phyllis C. Zee serves as a consultant and/or advisor for Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Harmony Biosciences, and Eisai Pharmaceuticals, and served as a consultant/advisor for CVS/Caremark in 2019 and 2020. Dr Zee has equity ownership/stock options in Teva Pharmaceuticals and received lecture fees/honoraria from Eisai Pharmaceuticals in 2020. Michael J. Thorpy serves as a consultant/advisor for Axsome, Balance Therapeutics, Eisai Pharmaceuticals, Harmony Biosciences, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, NLS Pharmaceuticals, Suven Life Sciences, Takeda, and XW Pharma. This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s).",
year = "2022",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1007/s12325-021-01992-4",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "39",
pages = "221--243",
journal = "Advances in Therapy",
issn = "0741-238X",
publisher = "Health Communications Inc.",
number = "1",
}