Abstract
Background: Microbial communities associated with indoor dust abound in the built environment. The transmission of sunlight through windows is a key building design consideration, but the effects of light exposure on dust communities remain unclear. We report results of an experiment and computational models designed to assess the effects of light exposure and wavelengths on the structure of the dust microbiome. Specifically, we placed household dust in replicate model "rooms" with windows that transmitted visible, ultraviolet, or no light and measured taxonomic compositions, absolute abundances, and viabilities of the resulting bacterial communities. Results: Light exposure per se led to lower abundances of viable bacteria and communities that were compositionally distinct from dark rooms, suggesting preferential inactivation of some microbes over others under daylighting conditions. Differences between communities experiencing visible and ultraviolet light wavelengths were relatively minor, manifesting primarily in abundances of dead human-derived taxa. Daylighting was associated with the loss of a few numerically dominant groups of related microorganisms and apparent increases in the abundances of some rare groups, suggesting that a small number of microorganisms may have exhibited modest population growth under lighting conditions. Although biological processes like population growth on dust could have generated these patterns, we also present an alternate statistical explanation using sampling models from ecology; simulations indicate that artefactual, apparent increases in the abundances of very rare taxa may be a null expectation following the selective inactivation of dominant microorganisms in a community. Conclusions: Our experimental and simulation-based results indicate that dust contains living bacterial taxa that can be inactivated following changes in local abiotic conditions and suggest that the bactericidal potential of ordinary window-filtered sunlight may be similar to ultraviolet wavelengths across dosages that are relevant to real buildings.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | 175 |
Journal | Microbiome |
Volume | 6 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 18 2018 |
Funding
We thank Adam Altrichter, Jonathan Eisen, Roxana Hickey, Sue Ishaq, Mario Muscarella, Roo Vandergrift, Paul Ward, Maggie Weitzman, and two anonymous reviewers for assistance with experiments or comments. This study and AKF were supported by grants from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to the Biology & the Built Environment Center at the University of Oregon, and to the Microbiology of the Built Environment program at Harvard University. DAL received funding from the National Institutes of Health (P50 GM098911).
Keywords
- Built environment
- Daylight
- Dust
- Microbiome
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology
- Microbiology (medical)
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Additional file 3 of Daylight exposure modulates bacterial communities associated with household dust
Fahimipour, A. K. (Contributor), Hartmann, E. M. (Creator), Siemens, A. (Creator), Kline, J. (Creator), Levin, D. A. (Creator), Wilson, H. (Creator), Betancourt-Román, C. M. (Contributor), Brown, G. (Contributor), Fretz, M. (Creator), Northcutt, D. (Creator), Siemens, K. N. (Creator), Huttenhower, C. (Creator), Green, J. L. (Creator) & Van Den Wymelenberg, K. (Contributor), figshare, 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7222553, https://springernature.figshare.com/articles/Additional_file_3_of_Daylight_exposure_modulates_bacterial_communities_associated_with_household_dust/7222553
Dataset
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Daylight exposure modulates bacterial communities associated with household dust
Fahimipour, A. K. (Contributor), Hartmann, E. M. (Creator), Siemens, A. (Creator), Kline, J. (Creator), Levin, D. A. (Creator), Wilson, H. (Creator), Betancourt-Román, C. M. (Contributor), Brown, G. (Contributor), Fretz, M. (Creator), Northcutt, D. (Creator), Siemens, K. N. (Creator), Huttenhower, C. (Creator), Green, J. L. (Creator) & Van Den Wymelenberg, K. (Contributor), figshare, 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4270616, https://figshare.com/collections/Daylight_exposure_modulates_bacterial_communities_associated_with_household_dust/4270616
Dataset
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Additional file 2 of Daylight exposure modulates bacterial communities associated with household dust
Fahimipour, A. K. (Contributor), Hartmann, E. M. (Creator), Siemens, A. (Creator), Kline, J. (Creator), Levin, D. A. (Creator), Wilson, H. (Creator), Betancourt-Román, C. M. (Contributor), Brown, G. (Contributor), Fretz, M. (Creator), Northcutt, D. (Creator), Siemens, K. N. (Creator), Huttenhower, C. (Creator), Green, J. L. (Creator) & Van Den Wymelenberg, K. (Contributor), figshare, 2018
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7222547, https://springernature.figshare.com/articles/Additional_file_2_of_Daylight_exposure_modulates_bacterial_communities_associated_with_household_dust/7222547
Dataset