Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image

C. Phatak; M. Tanase; A. K. Petford-Long; M. De Graef

doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003

Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image

C. Phatak, M. Tanase, A. K. Petford-Long, M. De Graef^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Materials Science and Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

Nanoscale confinement of the magnetization in a magnetic element often results in the creation of a vortex structure. The vortex equilibrium state is characterized by the curling of the in-plane magnetization (chirality) and an out-of-plane core magnetization. The polarity of the vortex core can point up or down, independent of the chirality, and, thus, magnetic elements with a vortex core are interesting as four-state logic elements. We present an easy-to-use, quantitative method for the determination of both chirality and polarity from a single Fresnel image. This method offers direct evidence of the three-dimensional structure of a magnetic vortex and has significant advantages over the more complex methods currently in use.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	264-267
Number of pages	4
Journal	Ultramicroscopy
Volume	109
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003
State	Published - Feb 2009

Funding

This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-FG02-01ER45893 and by the UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The electron microscopy was performed at the Argonne Electron Microscopy Center.

Keywords

Lorentz transmission electron microscopy
Magnetic thin film
Vortex polarity

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Instrumentation
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003

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title = "Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image",

abstract = "Nanoscale confinement of the magnetization in a magnetic element often results in the creation of a vortex structure. The vortex equilibrium state is characterized by the curling of the in-plane magnetization (chirality) and an out-of-plane core magnetization. The polarity of the vortex core can point up or down, independent of the chirality, and, thus, magnetic elements with a vortex core are interesting as four-state logic elements. We present an easy-to-use, quantitative method for the determination of both chirality and polarity from a single Fresnel image. This method offers direct evidence of the three-dimensional structure of a magnetic vortex and has significant advantages over the more complex methods currently in use.",

keywords = "Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, Magnetic thin film, Vortex polarity",

author = "C. Phatak and M. Tanase and Petford-Long, {A. K.} and {De Graef}, M.",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-FG02-01ER45893 and by the UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The electron microscopy was performed at the Argonne Electron Microscopy Center.",

year = "2009",

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doi = "10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "109",

pages = "264--267",

journal = "Ultramicroscopy",

issn = "0304-3991",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image

AU - Phatak, C.

AU - Tanase, M.

AU - Petford-Long, A. K.

AU - De Graef, M.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under Contract no. DE-FG02-01ER45893 and by the UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (“Argonne”), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory operated under Contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The electron microscopy was performed at the Argonne Electron Microscopy Center.

PY - 2009/2

Y1 - 2009/2

N2 - Nanoscale confinement of the magnetization in a magnetic element often results in the creation of a vortex structure. The vortex equilibrium state is characterized by the curling of the in-plane magnetization (chirality) and an out-of-plane core magnetization. The polarity of the vortex core can point up or down, independent of the chirality, and, thus, magnetic elements with a vortex core are interesting as four-state logic elements. We present an easy-to-use, quantitative method for the determination of both chirality and polarity from a single Fresnel image. This method offers direct evidence of the three-dimensional structure of a magnetic vortex and has significant advantages over the more complex methods currently in use.

AB - Nanoscale confinement of the magnetization in a magnetic element often results in the creation of a vortex structure. The vortex equilibrium state is characterized by the curling of the in-plane magnetization (chirality) and an out-of-plane core magnetization. The polarity of the vortex core can point up or down, independent of the chirality, and, thus, magnetic elements with a vortex core are interesting as four-state logic elements. We present an easy-to-use, quantitative method for the determination of both chirality and polarity from a single Fresnel image. This method offers direct evidence of the three-dimensional structure of a magnetic vortex and has significant advantages over the more complex methods currently in use.

KW - Lorentz transmission electron microscopy

KW - Magnetic thin film

KW - Vortex polarity

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U2 - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003

DO - 10.1016/j.ultramic.2008.11.003

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AN - SCOPUS:59649126874

SN - 0304-3991

VL - 109

SP - 264

EP - 267

JO - Ultramicroscopy

JF - Ultramicroscopy

IS - 3

ER -

Determination of magnetic vortex polarity from a single Lorentz Fresnel image

Abstract

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Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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