Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. Type 1 diabetes occurs secondary to autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells, whereas type 2 diabetes results from a deficiency of insulin action secondary to a combination of insulin resistance and relative β-cell dysfunction. Familial clustering of type 1 and 2 diabetes has suggested a genetic contribution to the etiology of the diseases, but monozygotic twin and other studies have indicated that environmental factors also contribute to their etiology. Although relatively rare monogenic forms of diabetes have been described, type 1 and 2 diabetes are, in general, complex, polygenic diseases.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Principles of Molecular Medicine |
Publisher | Humana Press |
Pages | 308-318 |
Number of pages | 11 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781588292025 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1 2006 |
Keywords
- Autoimmunity
- genetics
- insulin
- major histocom-patibility complex
- maturity onset diabetes of the young
- mitochondria
- peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ
- sulfonylurea receptor
- type 1 diabetes
- type 2 diabetes
- Wolfram syndrome
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Medicine(all)