Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory diets may influence risk of cardiovascular disease. Subsequent cardiovascular disease is also in-fluenced by adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) such as preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age birth, gestational diabetes, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. However, the associations between inflammatory diet, APOs, and cardiometabolic health remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used data from the nuMoM2b (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study Monitoring Mothers-to-Be) HHS (Heart Health Study) to assess the relationship between dietary quality and cardiometabolic health. We calculated Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index scores representing the inflammatory burden in a person’s diet. We used linear regression to determine the association between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index score and cardiometabolic outcomes. We performed stratified analyses for outcomes with a significant interaction between Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index and APO. Data were available from 3249 participants at a median of 3.1 years after delivery. Higher Energy-Adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index scores were associated with higher body mass index (B=0.29 kg/m2 [95% CI, 0.16–0.42]), waist circumference (0.66 cm [95% CI, 0.39–0.93]), diastolic blood pressure (0.26 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.09–0.44]), mean arterial pressure (0.23 mm Hg [95% CI, 0.06–0.40]), triglycerides (2.11 mg/dL [95% CI, 1.05–3.18]), creatinine (2.78 mg/ dL [95% CI, 1.13–4.44]), insulin (exp[B]=1.04 [95% CI, 1.03–1.05]) and C-reactive protein (exp[B]=1.07 [95% CI, 1.04–1.10]), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.41 mg/dL [95% CI, −0.66 to −0.37]) (all P<0.01). Significant interactions with APO (P<0.05) were identified for body mass index and waist circumference, with stratified analysis revealing stronger associations for individuals with APOs. CONCLUSIONS: A more proinflammatory diet was associated with worse cardiometabolic health measures, and these relation-ships differed by a person’s APO history. Further investigation should establish how dietary modifications after pregnancy may potentially mitigate cardiovascular disease risk.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | e035391 |
| Journal | Journal of the American Heart Association |
| Volume | 13 |
| Issue number | 24 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Dec 17 2024 |
Funding
The nuMoM2b project was supported by grant funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development: U10 HD063036; U10 HD063072; U10 HD063047; U10 HD063037; U10 HD063041; U10 HD063020; U10 HD063046; U10 HD063048; and U10 HD063053. In addition, support was provided by Clinical and Translational Science Institutes: UL1TR001108 and UL1TR000153. The nuMoM2b Heart Health Study was supported by cooperative agreement funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development: U10-HL119991; U10-HL119989; U10-HL120034; U10-HL119990; U10-HL120006; U10-HL119992; U10-HL120019; U10-HL119993; U10-HL120018, and U01HL145358; with supplemental support to NHLBI U10-HL119991 from the Office of Research on Women\u2019s Health and the Office of Disease Prevention and to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute U01HL145358 from the Office of Research on Women\u2019s Health; and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences through UL-1-TR000124, UL-1-TR000153, UL-1-TR000439, and UL-1-TR001108; and the Barbra Streisand Women\u2019s Cardiovascular Research and Education Program, and the Erika J. Glazer Women\u2019s Heart Research Initiative, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles.
Keywords
- lifestyle behaviors
- pregnancy
- prevention
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
